Classification Identification And Genetic Variation Analysis Of Spike-drooping Germplasm Of Elymus

In this paper, we made morphological identification and classification for the 49 spike-drooping Elymus germaplasm material collected from 8 different regions of china, and made gliadin diversity analysis for 37 materials of them. We also observed the number of chromosome of 9 materials and made Karyotype analysis for 1 material among the 9.The result of identification showed that 49 germplasm materials belong to the following three species: E.sibiricus, E.nutans and E.breviaristatus. Obvious variations of morphological characters were discovered among different species and among different populations of the same species. According to the variations of morphological characters and the result of classify we divided E.sibiricus into four different groups(ecotypes): typical E.sibiricus, strong multi-flower E.sibiricus, spike-ramosed E.sibiricus and spikelet-densing E.sibiricus. E.nutans is divided into 3 different groups(ecotype): typical E.nutans, high multi-spikelet E.nutans and spike-ramosed E.sibiricus.The result of gliadin diversity anlysis indicated that different populations of the material had abundant variation and high genetic diversity. 42 bands were separated from 37 materials. polymorphic loci percentage has reached 100%. The average Nei's gene diversity is 0.3662, and the average Shannon index is 0.5457. It is worthy to be mentioned that the only E.breviaristatus QLB1 has the totally same gliadin pattern with QLN6(E.nutans), though it is abviously diffrence for two material in awn length of lemma.We made observation on the number of chromosome of 9 materials, and the result shows that the number of chromosome of typical E.sibiricus and the number of chromosome of typical E.nutans are the same with the observation result made by previous researcher. strong multi-flower .E.sibiricus and spike-ramosed E.sibiricus have the same number of chromosome with typical E.sibiricus. But the number of chromosome observed in every cell of root-point of spikelet-densing E.sibiricus XZS3 is 42. According to the result of morphological identification, the chromsome number reported by previous researchers are not the same with it. Considering the speciality of XZS3 material, we made Karyotype analysis to it. The result shows that the chromosome number of cell of root-point of XZS3 is 42。Karyotype expressions is 2n=6x=42=34s+8sm, the total length of the chromosome is 146.80μm. Compared with the karyotype research result of E.nutans, we can see that the karyotype character of XZS3 is simlarily with the karyotype character of E.nutans, which also indicates that this material should belongs to E.nutans population.