Studies On The Cyclic Somatic Embryogenesis And Antioxidant Enzyme Activity In Eleutherococcus Senticosus Maxim

Eleutherococcus senticosus (Acanthopanax senticosus Harms) is a woody shrub, which isextensively cultivated in the far southeastern Russia, northeast China, Korea, and Japan, mostlygrow in a mixed spruce-fir-hardwood forests 400m to 1600m high above the sea.Eleutherococcus senticosus has traditionally been a valuable kind of plant. The root, stem andleaves of it can all be used as medical material, and its product is possessing the greatreputation at home and abroad. On the foundation of the tissue culture, this research is firstlyto induce Eleutherococcus senticosus embryogenic callus in medium without any plant growthregulators, and to form little frond in bioreactor culture. Induce Eleutherococcus senticosusembryogenic callus directly from whole Eleutherococcus senticosus plant. To study thetransformation of activities of antioxidant enzymes in the process from embryogenic cell tosomatic embryo, and provide the academic data for studying on choosing speediness andchoiceness breeding condition of Eleutherococcus senticosus.The main research results are as follows:In vitro plantlet derived from suspension cultured somatic embryos of Eleutherococcussenticosus were used for induction of embryogenic callus. Embryogenic callus inductionfrequency was higher in medium containing 1.0mg9L^-1 GA₃ than in medium without any plantgrowth regulators. Both in solid and liquid medium, 1.0mg·L^-1 2, 4-D supplement was suitablefor embryogenic callus multiplication. Numerous somatic embryos were differentiated whenembryogenic callus transfer to medium without plant growth regulators, the number of somaticembryos in liquid culture was higher in solid culture. However, the subsequent plantletregeneration and acclimation efficiency were better in solid culture than liquid culture.Seed explants of Eleutherococcus senticosus produced somatic embryos directly ongrowth regulator-free medium. The results were showed that use low temperature stressmethod to relieve the Eleutherococcus senticosus seed conformation dormancy andphysiological dormancy, to induce seed germinate. Proliferation of Eleutherococcus senticosussomatic embryo without any plant growth regulathors was better in liquid medium containing1/3MS+sucrose 3%, and better in solid medium containing 1/3MS+sucrose 1%.Eleutherococcus senticosus secondary embryo was stick to matrix through espial of cytology.Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryo was cultivated some times to form immature frondin liquid medium, then transfer into solid medium to form full plant. The experiment wasindicated that much more Eleutherococcus senticosus immature frond can be cultured inbioreactor, so large-scale production in bioreactor culture can be done.To induce somatic embryogenesis in vitro culture repetitively, two kinds of Eleutherococcus senticosus from China and Korea are involved in this research. Select somaticembryo in the process of their growing at different periods, and test the changed conditions ofantioxidant enzymes of SOD, PODå’ŒCAT, to make a research and to conclude how doesfree radical metabolizing level change. The comparison of these two testing results shows thatin the growing process of two Eleutherococcus senticosus somatic embryo, the trend of SODactivity changing is contrary to that of POP and CAT. Therefore, the activity in the growingprocess of somatic embryo is in a state of dynamic blance. In the process of their growing, thethree kinds of antioxidant enzymes activity of Chinese Eleutherococcus senticosus is generallyhigher than that of Korea, which indicates that Chinese Eleutherococcus senticosus somaticembryo in the bioreactor has been affected by the cut force, thereby promotes the activity ofthese three antioxidant enzymes.