The Dynamics And Influence Factors Of The Soil Water In The Plantation With Conifer Planted And Hardwood Conserved

Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest which after the measure of cultivatingConifers in Conserved Broad-leaf forest as the zonal climax community of eastern mountainland of northeast of China, is the stable ecosystem with the high capacity of restoration. Nowthe pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest is under the good growth condition under theage of mid-robust forest stage after the measure of cultivating conifers in conserved broad-leaf,so in order to analyze and estimate the benefit of the measure of cultivation, we used the long-term ecological research methods to determine soil water, analysis it's temporal and spatialdynamic changes, and examined the effects of edaphic factor, vegetation factor andmeteorological factor on dynamic changes of soil moisture of three temperate forest types:artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest, Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest, secondaryBetula platyphylla forest in Laoyeling area of Maoershan Experimental Farm. The resultsshowed that:We divided, the 0 to 40 centimeters soil layer into three sub soil layers as 0 to 10centimeters, 10 to 20 centimeters and 20 to 40 centimeters, after the examined soil moisture ofthis three sub soil layers we found that the increasing range of soil moisture of Pinuskoraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest is 26.45 percent to 38.82 percent, and the artificial Pinuskoraiensis pure forest and secondary Betula platyphylla forest is 25.47 percent to 41.00 percent,38.18 percent to 59.01 percent respectively. And there is significant different amount the soilmoisture of three sub soil layers and decreased tendency according to the depth of soil layers ineach type of forest. According to the average of soil moisture we found that there is significantdifferent between Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest and secondary Betula plalyphyllaforest, artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest and secondary Betula platyphylla forest, and thedecreased range of average soil moisture of the three different types of forest is secondaryBetula platyphylla forest＞artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest＞Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest.Also there is the same dynamic change of soil moisture of different sub soil layers inPinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest and artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest accordingto the season, and there is no significant different in the same layer in the same time betweenthis two types of forest soil moisture totally. The season dynamic curve of soil moisture ofsecondary Betula platyphylla forest is above the curve of Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixedforest and artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest. The soil moisture of each type of forest isinfluenced by the season fluctuatelyThe soil moisture of Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest and artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest is less than secondary Betula platyphylla forest respectively because ofthe large canopy density and density, just as we have examined there is significant differentbetween Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest and secondary Betula platyphylla forest,artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest and secondary Betula platyphylla forest. The soil bulkdensity is lager and soil moisture less relatively of Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forestbecause of the impact of lacking nutrient compensation with the slow decomposition of litter.The depth of un-decomposed litter of Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest is 64 mm, andthe total cumulative un-decomposed litter is 14.15t/ hm~2. So the organic matter of Pinuskoraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest and artificial Pinus koraiensis pure forest which 69.87%,67.07% respectively are less than econdary Betula platyphylla forest.After the examined the effects of edaphic factor, vegetation factor and meteorologicalfactor on dynamic changes of soil moisture of three temperate forest types we found thatprecipitation is the main meteorological factor affect the soil moisture, but according to thedepth of soil layer the effect of precipitation became wicker. And in Pinus koraiensis-broadleaved mixed forest, the effects of factors on soil moisture are precipitation and organicmater mainly, but there are others effect factors on soil moisture of others two types of forest.