Research The Metheods Of Influencing Quality And Yield On Bread Wheat Cultivity-Xi'Nong979

The quality and grain yield of wheat is also affected by the environmental condition of the climate and cultivation methods besides inherent of the variety. The application of fertilizer, sowing period and density are important to modulate the quality and yield of wheat. The national authorized wheat cultivar—Xi'Nong979 is used to analyze the effect of different proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen , combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application, coordination of sowing period and planting density on grain quality and yield by Randomized Blocks Test and D-optimal design in shaanxi province. Aim to find the feasible technical support for modulating the growth and development, and further improving quality and yield of Xi'Nong979. Main results were as follows:1. The effects of the different proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen were different on the kernel nutrient quality, processing quality and the character index of starch. The volume weight decreased as the ratio of topdressing nitrogen increased ; the sedimentation value, protein content and wet gluten content were improved with the increase of the proportion topdressing nitrogen;when the proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen was 7:3, the Farinograph Quality Number was the optimum. Effect of nitrogen ratio between base fertilizer and dressing was varied on character index of starch, the Fluor Swelling Volume of starch were the best when the nitrogen ratio between base fertilizer and dressing was 5:3:2,and when the proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen was 10:0, the falling number was the maximum.2. The effects of the different proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen were unlikeliness to yield and its component factors. The feasible proportion of basal nitrogen and topdressing nitrogen was 6:4 for increasing yield; the maximum nitrogen ratios between base fertilizer and dressing were different for yield component factors (such as 1000-kernerl weight, number of ears per unit area and grain number per spike), there were 7:3, 5:3:2 and 6:4. Dry matter accumulation of grain improved during grain filling period with the increased proportion of top-dressing of nitrogen, and the best ratio between basal nitrogen and top-dressing was 5:3:2 to enhance the rate of dry matter accumulation.3. The effects of the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application were different to protein content, the sedimentation value and water absorption capacity. Together with high nitrogen, appropriate amount phosphorus and potassium, the protein content was the maximum. When the application rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 270kg/hm2,120kg/hm2,180kg/hm2, the sedimentation value reached its maximum value, what means the increased application rate of nitrogen and potassium could improve the sedimentation value. The water absorption capacity of flour was the optimum as combined more application rate of N, P fertilization and suitable K rate. Wet gluten content increased noticeably with application rate of N,K fertilizer increased, however P fertilizer has mild inhibition effect to improve it.4. The effect of N, P, K fertilizer were different on grain yield. When the application rate of N,P,K fertilizer were 199 kg/hm2,225 kg/hm2,180 kg/hm2, approximately, the maximum grain yield reached 8318 kg/hm2,that means when P rate increased wheat yield increased remarkably. That is to say, we confer that the reaction of phosphorous reflected sensitivity on grain yield of the new cultivar by this result.5. The results of the different sowing period and density were dissimilarity to Yield and its composing factors. When early sowing combined the high- density, the highest yield was 9687 kg/hm2; together with late sowing and low- density, 1000-kernel weight could reach 48g; when combined between early sowing and the highest density , the number of ears per unit area could reached the highest 8620 thousand per hectare.According to the biological properties of new cultivar Xi'Nong979, the phosphorous sensitivity of grain yield and the strategy of projecting high-quality in popularizing planting and developing agriculture industrialization, integrated cultivation for high quality and yield in this experimental study ,and put forward the cultivation technique of quality -improving and yield - increasing:the suitable sowing stage is Octber 10 to Octber 14,the best density is 3600 thosends per hectare,and the best ratio between basal nitrogen and top-dressing is 5:3:2,which the basic fertilizer,jointing-stage fertilizer and booting-stage of nitrogen fertilizer were135kg/hm2,81kg/hm2,54kg/hm2in shaan province,ensured to improve quality and yield.