| The experiment was carried out in the Corn Research Garden of Shan-dong Agriculture University and in the Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of country from 2005 to 2006. Two experiments of herbicide and seedcoating were includeed, research the effects of different dosage of herbicide and seed-coating on yield and quality of maize and the root,Also and the residues of Pendim- ethalin these researches can offer bases and evidences for the produc-tion of hazard-free maize and to reduce the environment pollution .The main results were as follows:1 Effects of herbicideand seedcoating on grains yield and growth,development of maize1.1 Effects of herbicide on grains yield and growth,development of maize Herbicide and weeds decreased significantly grains yield of maize, the 1000 kernel weight, grains number and dry matter of per plant , and killed weeds. The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage.The yield of Yia 2 and weeds were decreased by 10.9%, The yield of Yi2,Yi 3 ,Cai 2, Cai 3 and weeds were decreased by9.3%,12.8%,14.3%,8.4%,10.6%and 16.25%.The1 000 kernel weight of Yi2,Yi 3 ,Cai 2, Cai 3 and weeds were decreased by4.7%,6.7%,14.3%,6.1%and 11.2%. The effects of kill weeds of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was better than Pendimethalin, But the yield Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was decreased more than Pendimethalin's. The yield of herbicide was increased were compared to weeds.The ether extract contents of maize grains of herbicide and weeds was de-creased. The effect of acetochlor and weede was significant. Others had nosig-nificant effects on ether extract contents of maize grains. Except normal dos-gae of acetochlor , the normal dosgaeof herbicide had no significant effects on ether extract contents of maize grains were compaered to the twi-dosgaeof herbicide. The effects Yi1, Yi2,Yi 3 was increased with increasing of the dos-age.The effect was differed with different dosgaeof herbicide on soluble sugar content of maize grains, soluble sugar content of maize grains of the normal dosage of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was increased but decreased by high- dosgae.The effects of Pendimethalin was contrary to that . The effects of weed was significant , soluble sugar content of maize grains of atrazine was increased.Maize grains of the normal dosage of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was increased but decreased by high- dosgae.The plant height,ear height and stem diameter of herbicide and weeds were decreased.,and the effect was not significant. The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage, The effects of the high dosgae of herbicide had significant effects on stem diameter, stem diameter of Yi 3, Cai 3 ang weeds were decreased by5.8%,4.5%and 13.3%. The herbicide and weeds inhibited the growth of leaf , leaf area index of herbicide and weeds was reduced, The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage. The effects of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was more significant than Pendimethalin's. The effects of weeds was most significant.1.2 Effects of seedcoating on grains yield and growth,development of maizeSeedcoating decreesed grains yield of maize. The effect of zhongyi1 Was not significantly,The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage.The yield of jialiu2 was decreased by 7.63%, The yield of zhong3 wasdecreased by 10.91%.Seedcoating increased Ear length , and The effect ofzhongyi1Wasnot sig-nificantly on No. of rows per earNo. of kernels per row Ear diamete, Seedcoating decreased the 1000 kernel weigh, The 1000 kernel weight of jia liu 2 was decreased by6.9%,the effects of zhong 3 was significantly on No. of rows per ear,No. of kernels per row Ear diamete, the decrease of No. of rows per ear and1000 kernel weigh was the main factor .Maize grains of jialiu1was increased. Jialiu2 decreased The ether extract contents.The ether extract contents of zhong1and zhong2 and zhong3were decreasedby19.68%,20.35%,24.32%.The effect of Seedcoating was increased with increasing of the dosage.Seedcoating increased the soluble sugar content of maize grains, at matur-ity ,soluble sugar content of maize grains were increased by13.46% 6.6%,10.3% and 22.41%. the increase of jialiu was more than zhongyi. The plant height,ear height and stem diameter of seedcoating were de-creased.,and the effect was not significant. The effects was increased with in-creasing of the dosage, The effects of the high dosgae of seedcating had sig-nificant effects on stem diameter, stem diameter those were decreased by7.72%,12.98%and 11.9%.The seedcoating inhibited the growth of leaf , leaf area index h was reduced, The effects was not significant , The decrease of jialiu2 was more. increased with increasing of the. The effects of seedcoating was more significant with high-dosage. leaf area index of zhong1 and zhong2 and zhong3 weredecreased by 17.8%,25.01and 55.64% , The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage.2Effects of herbicide and Seedcoating on photosynthetic characteristics 2.1 Effects of herbicide on photosynthetic characteristics The herbicide and weeds inhibited the growth of of leaf, photosynthetic pigments content was reduced, the effect of high dosage was significant . At telophase of growth the effect of weeds was more significant than herbicide's. the holdoing - time of photosynthetic pigments was shorter.Photosynthetic rate of maize ear leaf were decreased by the herbicide and weeds. The effects was increased with increasing of the dosage, the effects of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was more significant than Pendimethalin's, the effect of weeds was more significant than herbicide's.2.2 Effects of seedcoating on photosynthetic characteristics The photosynthetic pigments content was increased by zhongyi 1 , others decreased the t The photosynthetic pigments content , the effect was not sig-nificant.At telophase ,the decrease was more .The effects of seedcoating was not significant on Photosynthetic rate of maize ear leaf , at Anthesis , Photosynthetic rate of maize ear leaf was de-creased by the zhongyi 2 and jialiu .The effects was significant. The effects of seedcoating was significant on Photosynthetic rate of maize ear leaf with high-dosage , it was decreased 17.88% by zhongyi 3 .3.Effects of herbicide and seedcoating on active oxygen metabolism and membrane lipid overoxidation in maize3.1 Effects of herbicide on active oxygen metabolism and membrane lipid overoxidation in maizeExceptYi2 and weeds , SOD, POD, CAT activity were increased at seedlingstage , at telophase of maize SOD, POD, CAT activity were could renew to the level of control. the effects of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was more significant than Pendimethalin's.MDA content in maize ear leaf were decreased, then increased to the level of control.Soluble protein content were decreased significant The effects was in-creased with increasing of the dosage, at telophase of maize ,the decrease be-came less.3.2 Effects of seedcoating on active oxygen metabolism and membrane lipid overoxidation in maize SOD, POD, CAT activity were increased at seedlingstage , at telophase of maize SOD, POD, CAT activity of zhong1 were could renew to the level of control. the effects of jialiu was more significant .MDA content in maize ear leaf were decreased by zhongyi 1. At seedling stage, MDA content of jiali1 and zhongyi 2 were were decreased then increa- sed to the level of control. MDA content of jialiu 2 was decreased in the whole stage.Soluble protein content were decreased significant at seedlingstage, the effects was increased with increasing of the dosage. The effects of zongyi 1 was not significant.4 Effects of herbicide and seedcoating on activity of soil enzyme4. 1Effects of herbicide on activity of soil enzyme Soil urease activity of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was decreased .at flowering ,soil urease activity renew to the level of control.the rule of activity was inhibition-stimulation-resume; soil urease activity of Pendimethalin was inhibited at whole stage.at flowering, the inhibition became less. the inhibition of twi–dosage of Pendimethalin was less than normal dosage's.at prophase, soil urease activity of weeds was inhibited ,after flowering, it renew to the level of control, the rule of activity was inhibition -resume.Soil activity of twi -dosage of Mixture of acetochlor and atrazine was decreased , the effecet was not simplex. Weeds and Pendimethalin decreased soil hydrongen peroxidase activity, the inhibition of normal dosage of Pendi- methalin was more than l twi– dosage of Pendimethalin's. the inhibition of normal dosage of Pendimethalin was significant. The effects of Pendimeth- alin's was decreased with increasing of the dosage.4.2 Effects of seedcoating on activity of soil enzymeBefore seedlingstage ,Soil hydrongen peroxidase activity of zhongyi 1 was decreased .Inhibition of zhongyi1was more than zongyi 2,the jialiu was contrary to it , Inhibition of zhongyi1 was more than jialiu ,zhongyi 1 was re- new to contral level ,the rule of zhongyi and jialiu 1 was inhibition- stimula-tion-inhibition-resume, the rule of jialiu2 of inhibition-stimulation–resume.Before Jointing stage flowering ,soil hydrongen peroxidase activity of zhong1 angd zhong 2 was inhibited, activity of zhong3 was stimulated. the rule of zhong1 was inhibition-stimulation–resume, the rule of zhong2 was in-hibition–resume, the rule of zhong3 was stimulation–resume.Soil Soil urease activity of zhongyi and jialiu1was inhibited at fist then renew to contral level,the rule of zhongyi and jialiu1was inhibition-stimulation–resume. activity of zhongyi and jialiu2 was stimulated at fist then renew to contral level, the rule of zhongyi and jialiu1was stimulation–resume.5.the residue and degradation of Pendimethalin At telophase of maize ,the residues of trip-dosage of Pendimethalin was still detected more in soil, the half-time of Pendimethalin was 25-30days in soil.The residues was differed with different dosgaeof herbicide of maize grains,it was ruleless, At maturity stage ,residues'concentration was less than 0.02ppm. residues of high-dosage was still little, the half-time of Pendime- thalin was5-8 days of maize grains.
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