Fertilization In Vitro And Embryo Transplanting Of Duck

In recent years, in vitro culture system for poultry embryos has been established and improved. The importance of avian embryos research in embryology, biology, genetics, drugs toxicology and other life sciences are concerned, Therefore poultry embryos cultured in vitro have a strong practical significance. The research of duck embryos cultured in vitro and duck embryos transplant have not been reported. Some aspects were researched as follow:1. Culture of duck embryo in surrogate eggshell and alien blastoderm transplantTwo methods were used to culture the duck embryo in vitro. Method I, embryos from the freshly laid duck egg were transferred to surrogate eggshell I cultured for 72hrs, transferred to the surrogate eggshell II, cultured to hatching finally. During the embryonic development, 80.8% (42/52) of the embryos survived at the first eight days, the hatchability was 19.2% (10/52) eventually. Method II, the duck embryos were normally incubated for 72hrs, then transferred to surrogate eggshell II and cultured until hatched out. All embryos survived at 6^th day, 96.2% (50/52) of the embryos survived at 8^th day. The hatchability was 40.4% (21/52) finally. Compared with two methods, there were significant differences from 6^th day to hatch out (0.01th day to hatch out (p<0.01) . The results showed that method I and method II affected on duck embryo's in vitro culture, and could get the ducklings successful. Method II was better than method I. The survival rate of alien blastoderm transplanting was low, 28% (21/75) at 7^th day, 12% (9/75) at 8^th day, 1.33% (1/75) at 9^th day ,0 at 10^th day respectively.2. The activity of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ofleg bone and plasmaThe duck embryos in surrogate eggshells were incubated until 14^th day, 16^th day, 18^th day, 20^th day, 22^nd day, 24^th day, 26^th day, 28^th day, respectively. The leg bone and plasma of embryos of different development stage were collected and the activity of ALP of bones and plasma was tested. The results showed that the activity of ALP in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group during 14^th day to 28^th day (p<0.01) . The results indicated that the lack of Calcium in embryos incubated in surrogate eggshell, leading to bone metabolic abnormal andcompensative increase of the activity of ALP.3. In vitro fertilized and cultured in vivo of duckoocytesObtain the oocytes during 60 minutes and 80 minutes after duck laid egg. The oocytes treated by IVF were transplanted into offer duck. In this experiment, 12 IVF eggs were transplanted. Offer ducks laid 4 eggs in the next day, two of them were Shell eggs. Under the normal incubated conditions, one of the them hatched out. The results showed that: The mature oocytes could fertilize in vitro, and transplanted oocytes after treated by IVF, it could develop normally and hatched out finally. The results also suggested the technical line (avian oocytes treated by IVF-Culture in vivo-hatch out) was feasible.