| Triticale is the first new crop that be created by man, it had been created for about 100 years. But it was planted in the field only 40 years. There were 3275.00 thousands hm2 untill 2002 in the world. The planting area and yield of triticale have been reached or more than those of flax, gingeli and mung bean. Triticale can be used as foodstuff, forage and product beer, health products and biological energy source. Triticale is a better crop for green food and forage especially in developing countries for its many advantages, such as better resistance, wide adaptation, higher biomass and good quality. At the same time, it could save water and fertilization in growth stage, so the cost could be decreased, and the benefits could be increased.Test materials were 41 triticales lines of 34th, 35th, 36th introduced from CIMMYT since 2002, which came from screen nursery and production nursery. The study focus on yield, agronomic characters, drought-resistance, characteristics of grain-filling, the resistance to stripe rust and so on. And provide some primary theoretical foundation. The conclusions are as follows:The yield of triticale new lines was higher than check variety obviously. The different between yields of new lines of triticale is significant at 1% level in comparison tests that be done in dry-land for 3 years and irrigated land for 2 years. And the number of lines that had an increase yield in dry-land test was more than that in irrigated land test.In 2004, 10 lines were tested in dry-land. There were 8 lines had higher production than Dingxi24, production increased by 1.70~27.20%, 6 of them were significant as compared with Dingxi24, and 3 of them were very significant. So there were 60% lines had a significant yield increasing compared with Dingxi24.9 lines were tested in dry-land in 2005. All of them had higher production than Dingxi35, yield increased by 11.82%~24.05%, 6 of them were significant as compared with Dingxi35, and 3 of them were very significant. So there were 66.67% lines had a significant yield increasing compared with Dingxi35.In 2006, 23 lines were tested in dry-land. 22 of them had higher production than Dingxi35 and Ganpi4, production increased by 0.680%~32.819% than Dingxi35, 6 of them were significant as compared with Ganpi4, and 5 of them were very significant; 16 of them were significant as compared with Dingxi35, and 8 of them were very significant. There were 69.56% lines had a significant yield increasing compared with Dingxi35.In 2005, 20 lines were tested in irrigated land. 19 of them had higher production than Longchun23, production increased by 1.321%~33.207%, 3 of them were significant as compared with Longchun23, and 1 of them were very significant. So there were 15% lines had a significant yield increasing compared with Longchun23.In 2006, 23 lines were planted in irrigated land. 19 of them had higher production than Longchun23 and Ganpi4, production increased 1.281%~35.207% than Longchun23, 3 of them were significant as compared with Ganpi4, and 1 of them were very significant; 3 of them were significant as compared with Longchun23, and 1 of them were very significant. So there were 13.04% lines had a significant yield increasing compared with Longchun23.The analysis for eight agronomic characters showed that the different between dry-land test and irrigated land test was very significant. Triticale lines planted in dry-land are better than Dingxi35 in panicle length, number of spikelets, fertile spikelets, kernels and kernel weight per spike. But the volume weight and 1000-grain weight are worse than those of Dingxi35. The kernels, kernel weight per spike and volume weight of triticale are better than Ganpi4. Triticale lines planted in irrigated land are better than Longchun23 in panicle length, number of spikelets, fertile spikelets, kernels, kernel weight per spike and 1000-grain weight. The kernels, kernel weight per spike and volume weight of triticale lines are better than Ganpi4.A correlation analysis among 9 agronomic characters of test materials in dry-land and irrigated land had be done, the results showed that in dry-land test, yield and kernel weight per spike had a significant positive correlation, other characters had not a signification correlation with yield. The yield with plant height and volume weight had a significant positive correlation at 1% level, and with kernel weight per spike was positive correlation in irrigated land test.The analysis for Drought resistance coefficient and index indicated the difference was very significant. The Drought resistance coefficient and index of triticale were 0.426~0.652 and 0.223~0.416. It was very significant positive correlation between them. The mean value of Drought resistance coefficient of other agronomic characters in decreasing order was: volume weight>1000-grain weight> kernel weight per spike > kernels > panicle length > number of spikelets > fertile spikelets >plant height. So it indicated that the plant height and fertile spikelets were sensitive to water, but the volume weight and 1000-grains weight were insensitive.The filling rate of triticale was slower than barley, but there were 6 lines of triticale had a higher filling rate than common wheat in 10 test lines in both of dry-land an irrigated land, but the filling rate in irrigated land were faster than in dry-land. Time for filling of triticale planted in dry-land was longer than in irrigated land. Triticale lines had more kernels per plant and bigger volume of 100-fresh grain weight. So we could see the storage of triticale are bigger than barley and common wheat, it's a good ways to increase area and time of photosynthesis by water and fertilization control.New lines of triticale had a stronger resistance to strip rust than Dingxi35 and Longchun23.In 2005, the responders to strip rust of Dingxi35 and Longchun23 both were 3-4, and the severity levels (SL) and incidence were higher, however, the responders to strip rust of test lines of triticale was0; or0, and the severity levels (SL) and incidence were lower than check variety. The identification for the resistance to strip rust in 2006 showed that Dingxi35 was 3/5/20, Longchun23 was 3-4/15/45, Ganpi4 was 0, 34ITSN-99 was 3/5/30, and the other lines were immune. The test of inoculation of mixture isolates at seedling stage showed that 1 of triticale line was immune, 4 lines were nearly immune, 7 lines were from nearly immune to moderate resistance, the responders of 10 lines were 3, but the severity levels (SL) and incidence were low. The test at adult stage showed that 23 of triticale lines were immune. The test for individual races showed that only 34ITSN-98 was 0;/5/5 to the race of chinese strip rust 32, other lines were immune.The results showed that 34ITSN-25,36ITSN-154,36ITSN-39,36ITSN-37,34ITSN-96 are better in integrated characteristics in dry-land. So they could be as the concentrate crops to demonstration and extension in Dingxi's dry-land area. 36ITSN-96,34ITSN-56,34ITSN-79,36ITSN-37,36ITSN-39 were excellent in irrigated land test , so they could be demonstrate and extent at irrigated land which can not be normal irrigated in Dingxi area , at the same time, the farther experiments are necessary.
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