Allozyme Polymorphisms Of Ten Foreign Basic Germplasms Maize (Zea Mays L.) Populations

Vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used in this test. Genetic variability was analyzed at 7 loci of 3 allozymes that contain Esterase, Peroxidase and a-Amylase in ten foreign maize populations. The results showed that: (1)The monomorphic and polymorphic loci are distributed in fifteen allozymes, 58.93% genotypes are deflected from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (2) Heterozygosity is different among different loci in the same material, and heterozygosity is also different in the same locus in different materials. Heterozygosity per locus is polymorphic in ten populations of maize. (3)In ten foreign maize populations, mean number of alleles per locus is 1.8, mean effective number of alleles locus is 1.6, percentage of polymorphic loci is 72.8%, mean observed heterozygosity per locus is 0.409 and mean expected heterozygosity per locus is 0.333. Sequence of genetic variability from high to low is BS16, BS29, BS18, BS30, BS28, BSTL, BSCB1, BSSS, BS9, BSL. In those, BS16 has plentiful genetic diversity, which is on the top of ten populations, and the genetic parameter respectively is A=2.1(0.1), Ae=1.9(0.1), P_0.05=100%, (?)o=0.550(0.077), He=0.550(0.077). BS16 was developed and utilized in the next breeding work. (4)By analyzing Fixation index and outcross rates, we can consider that the ten maize populations are mating randomly. Max Fixation index and outcross rates existed in BSSS, BSSS shows maximum heterozygosity. (5) G_ST and F_ST in ten populations are 0.109 and 0.0741. Coefficient of gene differentiation and F-satiations have identical result: most of diversity is presence in ten populations, less of diversity is presence among populations. The Ne based on G_ST is more than one, this shows that the population can resist effect from gene flow. (6) Modified Rogers distance is from 0.046 to 0.307 and unbiased genetic identity is from 0.862 to 0.999. Ten population can be divided four classes by Nei: (1)BSSS,BSCB1,BSTL,BSL (2)BS9 (3)BS16 (4)BS18,BS28,BS29,BS30. These can provide some theoretical foundation for detailing breeding program.