Research On The Effective Of Water And Sand When Used The Runoff Regulation Measure Technique In The Slope

Drought, water and soil erosion are the main problems of the ecosystem in loessial plateau. And runoff is the main drive that causes the water and soil erosion. It is the impotent way to control soil erosion and abating the shortage water if we could control it in a scientific method. The study is based on the theory of runoff regulation, and with the combination of scouring water experiment, simulated rainfall experiment in the slope and the observation experiment in the field, used the control rate and the reduce soil erosion water needing to analyzed the effect of water and soil which caused by different runoff regulation measurement. The results are show as follows:(1)Used control rate and the reduce soil erosion water needing to show the effect of water and soil which caused by different runoff regulation measurement could be truly and extremely.The experiment show that the runoff control rate is bigger in big rainfall and smaller in limited rainfall, but it is different on soil control rate. If the runoff regulation measurements have nearly runoff rate or erosion, they have the most nearly runoff control rate or runoff control rate. Like grass+PAM and gass+hole in simulated rainfall experiments, also Clover and Clover+PAM, Corn, Corn+PAM, Corn+hole, Corn+hole+PAM in observation experiment. Therefore, there were differences in runoff rate and erosion, but they had most nearly control rate. So they were both had the same control runoff ability in the slop. Reduce soil erosion water needing means how much water reduced when soil erosion reduced by different runoff regulation measurement in the slop. We can saw soil or runoff which was mostly reduced by different runoff regulation measurement in the slop. The experiments shown that similar regulation measurement in the slop had the nearly reduce soil erosion needing when they had the similar runoff control rate. Clover and Clover+PAM were had the simply runoff control rat but more better soil control rat.Corn , Corn+PAM, Corn+hole and Corn+hole+PAM both had the more better runoff control rat and soil control rate, but they had bigger reduce soil erosion water needing than Clover and Clover+PAM.(2) Covered surface had better effects on water and soil when used the single runoff regulation measurement in the slop.The combination of scouring water experiments show that the straw mulch and Clover in the slop had better effects on water and soil. Clover and Corn were better in the observation experiment. In the observation experiments shown that the hole had the limited runoff and soil control ability. From the experiments, we could in the slope saw that the scale pit and contour-channel and ridge could be turn down as a bigger water runoff or rainfall. We also fond that the scale pit and contour-channel and ridge would be loss their capability one by one time again when control the runoff and soil in the hole, and the straw would be decomposed. As a result, like be covered with the Clover is the better runoff regulation measurement in the slope.(3) Used compound runoff regulation measurements in the slop had better effects on water and soil than which used single runoff regulation measurements. The main control ability was caused by the vegetation in some compound runoff regulation measurements in the slop. It is not necessary that more single runoff regulation measurements to compound from the economy.Grass+PAM,Grass+hole and hole+PAM had the better effects on water and soil in the simulated rainfall experiments. In the observation experiments: Apricot+ contour-channel and ridge was better than Apricot, Persimmon tree+scale pit was better than Persimmon tree, Clover+hole+PAM was a little better than Clovein the slope, Corn, Corn+PAM, Corn+hole and Corn+hole+PAM had the similar effects in the slop, but the hole had a little effects in the slop. So like this runoff regulation measurements, the mainly control ability was caused by the vegetation. It is not necessary that so much single regulation measurements compounded within reasonable erosion, because it is seemed not valuable from the economy. Clover and Clover+hole+PAM had less Reduce soil erosion water needing than which caused by Corn, Corn+PAM, Corn+hole and Corn+hole+PAM. So like this runoff regulation measurements could reduce more soil erosion but less runoff in the slope, which would be valued for the water supply and sand transportation of the downstream Yellow river.Used compound runoff regulation measurements in the slop could be increased the soil water. In the combination of scouring water experiments we find when used compound runoff regulation measurements in the slope, The soil water was better than with no regulation measurements. From the observation experiments, we can see that the soil water condition was: Apricot+ contour-channel and ridge was better than Apricot, Persimmon tree+scale pit was better than Persimmon tree, Clover+hole+PAM was a little better than Clovein, Corn+PAM, Corn+hole and Corn+hole+PAM were little better than Corn.