| Water is not only the source of life, but also the lifeblood of the industry and agriculture. And lack of water resources has been the biggest restraining factor for the national economic development of our country. The water volume for irrigation accounts 70% of the total with the low utilization ratio of agriculture water and serious waste. The water-saving irrigation equipment was not popularized on a large scale in agriculture because of the high cost. Meanwhile, the package and burning of the deserted straw brought many environmental problems, which has attracted more and more attention. Aimming at such problem, the researchers of Wu Pu-te and Wang You-ke put forward the new water-saving conception of"irrigation under preservation moisture". As a new water-saving conception, the relative research must be made to solve many problems and put it into practice. Based on the plot trial, the variation of the temperature and humidity, crop physiology and yield under the combination of the straw-mulch and surface irrigation was analyzed, and the preliminary research results were obtained as follows:(1)Under the arid situation, straw-mulch has an instinct impact on the temperature of soil layer between 0 to 15cm,with the impact not instinct on the soil layer under 15cm;The largest daily variation of temperature of the different soil layer profile decreased with the increase of the soil layer depth and the exponential function can demonstrate such rule; The soil temperature and the hat layer temperature after irrigation was lower than that of under arid situation, and the high the irrigation quota, the lower the temperature of the soil layer when the straw- mulch was the same; The analysis showed that the average temperature of soil layer from 0 to 25 cm has quite good power relationship with Soil Water Content.(2)Both the tillering of winter wheat and the photosynthesis rate improved under the situation of straw- mulch. The efficient tillering times was the most under the situation of the 0.6kg/m~2 of the straw -mulch, 900m3/hm~2 of irrigation quota and twice irrigation. The photosynthesis rate under the different straw -mulch of 0.9kg/m~2,0.6 kg/m~2,0.3 kg/m~2 was higher 22.5%,20.2%,17.7% correspondingly than that under the situation of naked land.(3) The straw has quite good water-conservation function, which could prevent the soil evaporation of the soil moisture efficiently. Under the arid situation, the water consumption decreased by 6.68%,4.01% and 1.09% respectively compared with the CK under the different straw -mulch of 0.9kg/m~2,0.6 kg/m~2 and 0.3 kg/m~2;When the straw -mulch was 0.9kg/m~2,the soil moisture content was higher in the late growing season for winter wheat irrigated three times than that of only irrigated once in spring under the same irrigation quota.(4)The influence on yield was sequenced as follows: irrigation times→irrigation quota→straw -mulch. The high yield composition of the orthogonal analysis was the situation of 0.6kg/m~2 of the straw -mulch, 900m3/hm~2 of irrigation quota and three times irrigation. The highest yield in the experiment was the treatment as this: F0.6B3C3,which was the situation of 0.6kg/m~2 of the straw-mulch, 600m3/hm~2 of irrigation quota and three times irrigation in spring, winter and booting stage respectively.(5)The effect of the factors on WUE was sequenced as follows: straw-mulch→irrigation times→irrigation quota. The best combination of the orthogonal analysis was the condition of 0.9kg/m~2 of the straw mulching, 900m3/hm~2 of irrigation quota and irrigation in spring and winter; In this experiment, the best treatment of the WUE was F0.9B4C3,that is something like in the situation of 0.9kg/m~2 of the straw -mulch, 300m3/hm~2 of irrigation quota and three times irrigation in spring, winter and booting stage respectively.
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