Effects Of Ammonia On Tissue And Haematological Parameters Of Juvenile Carp (Cyprinus Carpio Linnaeus)

The experiment had studied this environmental factor of ammonia nitrogen to juvenile fishtissue and influence of the blood index of carp(Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus). Juvenile carp's fishin 24 h, 48 h and 96 h LC₅₀ was 1.674 mg·L^-1, 0.967mg·L^-1, 0.686 mg·L^-1(NH₃-N) respectivelythrough the acute toxic test. The safe density was 0.0686 mg·L^-1. LC₅₀ that exposed with ammonianitrogen time had lengthening downward trend of presenting.Divided carp's juvenile fish into the group of density of four pieces of ammonia nitrogen atrandom in subnormal temperature toxicity was tested and contrast the group with one. Nitrogenexpose that dealed with 14～28 d and 42 d take a sample, each density group took a sample 5 eachtime in ammonia separately, carried on the organ (gill,cardiac muscle,kidney,spleen,the sectionthat the liver and intestines)was made with some blood parameters (RBC,Hb,HCT,GLU,ALT,ALP,SOD and MDA) etc. the surveys of parameters Utilized and counted software SPSS 13.0,and Excel 2003 analyse about the data, the result showed:1. Besides contrasting the group and 0.069 mg·L^-1 and dealing with the group, under thecircumstances that the high density ammonia nitrogen was exposed, other gill, cardiac muscle,kidney, spleen, liver and intestines that each deal with a group of carp's juvenile fish received thedamage in various degree, demonstrated that the gill breathes skin was swelling, and gill filamentwas swelling to take the form of club smallly; and the cardiac muscle was bleeding,ruptures andnecrosises; Liver pancreas was congesting,hydroncing, with necrosis; Spleen was congesting,spleen marrow was full of red blood corpuscles, deposited to include iron to be blood yellow andplain a large number of; kidney had little ball the swelling, blood vessel the downright bad to comeoff in endothelial cell, among quality the congested; intestinal villus was congesting, the inherentstory of cells was downright bad, such symptoms as the intestinal villus wasmerged. And as whathas been tested goes on, the symptom tended to be obvious.2. Under the circumstances that the high density ammonia nitrogen was exposed, RBC ofcarp's juvenile fish, Hb, HCT were pressed and presented decling in various degree as the densityrised and exposed time to lengthen. GLU appeared downwarding trend after rising first on theinitial stage of exposing, to 42 d, the decline had appeared in each density group, the remarkabledecline (P＜0.05) appeared in the high density group. These indicated experimental hemutopoiesisfunction damaged target, organism and oxygen ability drop, causing organism organize with meagre oxygen. This might be the main reason that it caused death that the ammonia nitrogen waspoisonned.3. Dealed with through the ammonia nitrogen of 42 d, ALT and ALP presented the rising invarious degree, among them ALT that dealed with by the ammonia nitrogen of ammonia enzymeand presented the significance rising(P＜0.05), indicating that the organism viscera organ presentedthe damage in various degree.4. Ammonia nitrogen had inhibited SOD, appearing significant rising in 14 d only (P＜0.05).With exposed time lengthen, activation of enzyme was suppressed in various degree, to 42 d, thehigh density group droped (P＜0.05) notably. Ammonia nitrogen could influence MDA content withdealed. The increase of exposing time and lengthening at the same time and density of ammonianitrogen, carp's serum MDA content increased(P＜0.05)notably. Above-mentioned parameters haveclose relations to fish's body damage and preventing disease immunity, indicating that the ammonianitrogen exposed to make juvenile carp and resisted and damaged ability and immune function todrop, this might be reason that carp (other fish) which coerced to stress of ammonia nitrogen wasapt to be ill easily for a long time.