Analysis On Crop Climatic Potential Productivity And Its Respond To Climatic Variation In Heilongjiang Province

Conception and developmental history of crop potential productivity was recommended in thispaper. The recent situation of research on crop potential productivity was summarized and someresearch methodologies in common use were introduced. The agricultural climatic potentialproductivity of three main crops (rice, maize, and soybean) for all counties in HeilongjiangProvince was calculated. The impacts of temperature and precipitation variations on the climaticpotential productivity of three main crops in Heilongjiang Province from May to September arecalculated and analyzed, also the possible impact of different climate changes on crop climaticpotential productivity in Heilongjiang Province. The stabilities of crop climatic potentialproductivity for all counties are calculated and analyzed too. The results showed that (1) therewere significant differences in photosynthesis-temperature potential productivities among differentlocations due to large latitude span of Heilongjiang Province. And photosynthesis-temperaturepotential productivities increased from the north to the south significantly. For maize and soybean,as the rain distribution showed a significant difference in the different counties. And because ofirrigation, there are no significant differences in distribution between photosynthesis-temperatureand climate potential productivity of rice. Maize photosynthesis-temperature potentialproductivities is the largest in three crops, and soybean's is the smallest. For climatic potentialproductivity, maize is larger than soybean. (2) There is poor stability of climatic potentialproductivity in the north Heilongjiang, and good stability in the south. The larger climatic potentialproductivity, the smaller variation; and the smaller climatic potential productivity, the largervariation. (3) Climate variation led to climatic potential productivity changes which different in allcountries among three crops. (4) The high temperature makes crop climatic potential productivityincreased; the low temperature makes crop climatic potential productivity reduced. The larger varyof temperature, the greater change of climatic potential productivity. Though the same change oftemperature, which impact on climatic potential productivity is small in high temperature areaswhereas large in low temperature areas. In each district, high temperature will led to smallinfluence. For the impact on three crops, the largest is rice and the smallest is soybean. (5) Theimpact of precipitation variation on climatic potential productivity is much complicated thantemperature. In less precipitation areas, increased rain always led to improvement of crop climaticpotential productivity and high identity between them. And in much precipitation areas, increasedprecipitation may make water too plenty, whereas reduced rain can led to upgrade of crop climaticpotential productivity. Identity between precipitation and climatic potential productivity is lowcommonly in these areas. There is no clearly impact of rain variation on climatic potential in thecountries of moderate rain. (6) If temperature and precipitation changes meanwhile, impact onclimatic potential productivity will super complex. In low temperature region, rain reduction maylead to upgrade of climatic potential productivity due to low crop demand on water, and opposite inhigh temperature region. In the same zone, temperature change will make crop demand on watervary and following the precipitation coefficient. Reduced water demand along with decreasedtemperature will lead to surplus moisture content; increased demand in pace with highertemperature can make short of water. If the difference between precipitation and water demand nottoo large, the smaller diversity between them, the less impact of precipitation variation on climatic potential productivity; the more obvious diversity between them, the greater impact. (7) Hightemperature and moderate rain are the superset situation to crop growth. In Heilongjiang Province,impact of temperature variation on crop climatic potential productivity is always greater thanimpact of precipitation variation, but except areas with high temperature and little rain, in whichprecipitation is more important. (8) If temperature increases in the future, crop climatic potentialproductivity will improve in different extent in Heilongjiang Province. And precipitation increaseis bad for the wet west, good for the dry east; oppositely precipitation decrease is bad for west,good for east.