The Comparative Study On Germplasmic Character Of Channa Maculate And Channa Argus In Yongzhou

This research is through the test on morphology, cytogenetics, blood physiology,biochemistry and the nutritional aspects differences between Channa maculate andChanna argus in YongZhou, as to know their germplasm characteristics. It canprovide a reliable theoretical basis for the ophiocephatus'germplasmresources' prtotection, utilization, innovations and the pure breeding and crossbreeding work. The results are as follows:1. The main morphology character: By comparing the Channa maculate andChanna argus from the observation on external form, ecological characteristics andthe measurement of traditional morphology, They are of two different species. Thereare "188" three character streaks at the top of the Channa maculate's head and 2-3 archorizontal spots at the caudal peduncle; the Channa argus's forehead streak isscattered in disorder,and does not have are streaks at zhe caudal peduncle. Channamaculate's dorsal fin D: 41-44, anal fin A: 25-30, side line scale: 52-59; Channaargus's dorsal fin D: 47-50, anal fin A: 31-35, side line scale: 60-69. Except HL/SL,HL/SD zhe measurable characters of Channa maculate's are all smaller than Channaargus 's.2. The karyotype: The chromosomes were prepared from renal cell chromosomesdirectly sectioning. It's proved that there are a lot of difference on cytogeneticsbetween the Channa maculate and the Channa argus by a preliminary study onchromosome specimens. Channa maculata' chromosomes is 2N=42, chromosomekaryotype formula is 2N=4m+2sm+30st+6tNF=48.The number of Channa argus'chromosomes is 2N=48, chromosome karyotype formula is 2N=4m+22st+22t, NF=52;as for the nuclear type there're relatively less m,sm chromosome in Channa argus andChanna maculate, and more the st, t, chromosome especially st chromosome.3. Physiological and biochemical indicators : The physiological and biochemicalparameters of Channa maculate's blood is different from that of Channa argus.Compared to Channa argus, C. maculata is low in red blood cell numbers (3.27+0.54: 3.71+0.51) 10¹²/L and high in corpuscular volume (128.5+3.62:124.05+3.06) fL and hemoglobin content (148.7+9.33:115.0+7.25) g/L. The C.maculate's brittleness of erythrocyte is littler than Channa argus' s. The biochemicalindicators of C. maculata in addition to blood glucose levels is greater than Channaargus, serum total protein content(37.30+4.06 )g/L, albumin (15.63+0.67) g/L andserum triglyceride levels (0.53+0.06), cholesterol (4.37+0.68) is lower than Channaargus. That is say Channa maculata's activity ability and resistance to disease arestronger than Channa argus.4. The nutritional composition of the muscle: The result shows that the nutritionalcomposition of the Channa maculata's muscle is as follows:gross moisture : 75.36%,gross crude protein:25.75%, gross fat: 4.70%, gross ash :1.08%, Ca :0.78%, and0.55% of phosphorus. Total content of is amino acid 79.33%, essential amino acidscontent is 39.11%, and fresh taste amino acid 30.79%. The content of Channamaculata's ingredient except gross moisture, phosphorus, are all higher than Channaargus. So Channa maculata's nutritional value are higher Channa argus'.Channa maculate have more applying value and developing foreground thanchanna argus.