| Rats are harmful for development in many fields of our country, including agriculture, stock raising, industry, etc. And they are also spread a lots of diseases, and harm the healthy of human beings. Now people use poisonous drugs to kill rats. With the lethal rodenticide was forbidden to use, a kind of anti-coagulant rodenticide has been applied, and become the most used drugs, however, it pollutes the environment, leads to secondary poisoning, and dangerous for human beings and stocks. Additionally, the rats have acute smelling, tasting and intelligent. When some rats die with bleeding or twitching, others are alerted and refuse to eat any more. So this kind of rodenticide are not efficient, and sometimes can make things worse. It cannot figure out the combination of preventing and killing, and cannot settle the rats' over-population from the root. Traditional methods cannot avoid questions of anti-drug, bad tastes, and rats' populations coming back. People pay more attention on protecting environment, and become interested in rats' populations control. A new kind of method to decrease the rats' population, which is to make them infertility, is now more and more favoring. Zhang Zhibin examined the Logistic models and compared the difference of killing and conception control. He found that conception control may be the better way.Based on the research of MAPO in labs, we firstly use it on rats' population control, and invent M001, a new male infertility rodenticide. Our aims are to provide M001's ingredient and preparation, to control the population of rats. Meanwhile, we study on the male reproductive toxicity of M001 and its effects on rats' control, and its adverse effects on other anmals.The ingredients of M001 are including 0.2%—2%MAPO, 10%—15% baits (animal and plants oil), 85%-95% foodstuff and 0.1%—0.3 % preservative (SDA).In the male reproductive toxicity study, we found that (1) the mice of M001 groups' ingested food 28.23g/day, and the mean ingestion index was 0.90. (2) M001 could significantly control the fertility of male mice. In all M001 groups, the infertility mice were found. After mating, the pregnant females were fewer, which suggested the infertility status of male mice. Uterus dissection showed viable fetuses decreased and resorptions increased with the number of females having resorptions also decreased. (3) in sperm counts and sperm motor tests, the sperm counts of epididymis were decrease, and had dose-effects relationship with M001. Until Day 42 after treatment, the sperm counts of M001 were fewer than control. There were significant differences on sperm motor between M001 and control. The dead sperms increased significantly in M001 groups.(4)in the sperm morphology test, the percentages of control, low-dose, mid-dose, high-dose M001 groups are respectively 0.68%,8.68%, 16.63%, 19.56%. The changes of sperm morphology in M001 are mostly on heads, including amorphous heads and no hook-heads, and tail abnormalities. (5)in the pathology and overall examination, there were no changes in livers, kidneys, brains and prostates. Under microscope, in testes of M001 groups the tubules were atrophy, the clearance between tubules widened, cells of epidermis decreased, and arranged abnormally. In epididymis of M001, the numbers of sperm cell decreased significantly. The prostate excreted less. (6) the numbers of M001 group were much smaller than control. We also did study on the farm. After put the M001 baits, we check the ingestion of M001 baits. Sever months after the treatment; we examined the pregnant rates and viable sperm numbers to determine the reproductive rates. M001 ingestion were 33.33%and 35.56% respectively in section 1and section2. After treatment, the RPI were 0 and 33.3%.The M001 had a powerful ability to control the rats' population. The effects of controlling were 100% and 70%. The reproductive rate was 0%. There was no toxic incident of other animals.We used pigeons as to study the toxic effects of M001 on birds. The study including (1) ingestion tests (2) blood biochemistry test (3) overall and pathology examinations of pigeons. The pigeons took 13.9g M001 and 55.8g maize in 12days. The ingestion index is 0.24. In blood biochemistry test, the BUN increased. There were no abnormal findings in pathology and overall examination.So M001 was delicious for mice and has a good prospect for future application. It has male reproductive toxicity and can control rats' population. After using M001 on the farms, the populations of rats were decreased. It's also relative safe for other animals such as pigeons.
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