AFLP Analyses Of The F₁ Progenies Of Tea [Camellia Sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] From A Mixed-pollen Cross And Cultivars Selection

In this paper, 79 single bushes of the F₁ progenies from a mixed-pollen cross(everykind of pollen was mixed equally) in 1980 and their parents (Xiangbolv×Zhuyeqi,Fudingdabaicha, Baihaozao, Longjing43) were used as the experimental materials. Theywere researched by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) molecularmarkers and single bush selection methods of tea breeding. The main results were asfollows:1. The results showed that the method of AFLP molecular marker technique is suitfor parentage identification of mixed-pollen cross progenies and could be repeated well.The 79 single bushes of this F₁ progenies could be distinguished by thepre-amplification primer pairs E0/M0 and the five selective amplication primer pairs(E41/M42, E41/M55, E42/M34, E43/M42, E44/M33).2. Based on Nei'S genetic distances, F₁ progenies were divided into four groups byUPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average) of DPS2000. There are 37 of the F₁ progenies whose paternals are Zhuyeqi: 8,9,11,12,13,15,16,19,21,25,27,28,30,39,40,41,43,44,47,49,50,54,55,56,57,61,65,66,67,69,70,71,72,75,77,78,79. And 15 of the F₁progenies whosepaternalsareLongjing43: 2,4,7,14,17,23,26,29,32,36,60,62,63,64,73. Other 15 of the F₁ progenies whose paternals are Fuding-dabaicha:1,3,10,18,22,24,31,38,45,46,48,59,68,74,76. The most little F₁progenies whose paternals are Baihaozao, just only 12 and they are: 5,6,20,33,34,35,37,42,51,52,53,58.3. In this research, AFLP analyse results showed that the AFLP bands in parentswere nearly found in their offspring. For example,Longjing43 and Xiangbolv had 395bands, these could be found in their offspring was 89.62%.It can be concluded that theyare real offspring of their parents.Comparing with normal cross method, the separaterate of these F₁ progenies is higher and the new variation is more.4. Mixed-pollen cross pollination technique can enhance cross appetency and theefficiency of breeding. In this compounding, the consanguineous relationship ofZhuyeqi and Baihaozao is more close with maternal Xiangbolv than Longjing43 andFuding-dabaicha. Their cross appetency is lower than Longjing43 and Fuding-dabaicha when they cross with Xiangbolv solely. But in this mixed-pollen cross compounding,46.8% of the F₁ progenies whose paternals are Zhuyeqi and the cross appetency exceedLongjing43 and Fuding-dabaicha (19.0%) remarkably. Zhuyeqi is in the ascendantamong the four paternals.5. Compared the modal characters and biochemical components of the F₁progenies and their parents, 14 high quality single bushes were selected: 2, 4, 6, 9,11, 13, 18, 19, 29, 51, 62, 70, 73, 74.33.3% of them whose paternals are Longjing43.It proved that more close the consanguineous relationship, more dominant incross-breeding whether as single-paternal or more-paternal.The 13th one issuperexcellence in them, indeed it is more fine than its parents. The result indicates thatmixed-pollen cross not only can enhance cross appetency, but also can redound tobreeding new cultivars with furthermore excellent quality.