Effect Of Photoperiod And Reagent Inducing Male On The Floral Sex Differentiation And Activity Of Oxidase In Cultivars Of Cucumbers

Cuccumber(Cucumis sativus) is complex in sex expression. Both genetic basis and environment conditions can modify floral sex differentiation. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of different photoperiodic treatments and male-inducing reagents on floral sex differentiation and oxidase activity in cultivars of cucumber.The results are as follow:1.The effects of various photoperiodic treatments on floral sex differentiation and oxidase activities in the female-female-rate lines154-1,h151 and the normal lines 83-4,1-2 in cucumber were studied in phytotron., The results showed that the radio of the node with female flowers of perdominant female line 154-1 and normal line 83-4 increased significantly in short-day(8hphotoperiod) treatment compared to that of CK in the same treatment. the radio of the node with female flowers of perdominant female line h151 and normal line 1-2 increased significantly in short-day(8h,10h photoperiod) treatment compared to that of CK in the same treatment. Meanwhile, the ratio of the node with female flowers in long-day(14h,16h photoperiod) treatment was significantly decreased for predominant female line h151 and normal lines 1-2 than that of CK in the same treatment.2.In general, shot-day treatment made the peroxidase more active and the catalase less in both kinds of lines. Long-day treatment made the peroxidase less active and catalase more in both kinds of lines. The activeties of POD in the leaves of predominant female linesl 54-1,h151 are higher than those in normal lines 83-4,1-2, the activeties of CAT in the leaves of predominant female linesl 54-1,h151 are lower than those in normal lines 83-4,1-2.3.Both AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ were effective in the introduction of male flowers in the female lines,the number of male flower increased with the increase of Ag₂S₂O₃ contration(200～400mg/L),the concentrations of 300mg/L AgNO₃ and 400mg/L Ag₂S₂O₃ can be gained the most number of male flowers, the node number of the female flower is decrease treated by this two reagent inducing male in the female lines h154,and the node number of the female flower is decrease treated by Ag₂S₂O₃ in the female lines 151.The number of male flowers increase treated by AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ in the normal lines h002. the node number of the male flower and number of male flower is significationtly high with treated by Ag₂S₂O₃ than that with treated by AgNO₃ with the consistency 300mg/L after 48 hours in female lines and normal lines,the node of the 1st male flower is lower2.4.and 2.5 in the female lines hl54 and 151 that treated with Ag₂S₂O₃ than that treated with AgNO₃.4.The activities of peroxidase and catalase were increased with the treatments of AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ in the leaves of female lines h154,151and normal lines h002.The peroxidase of maximum increment were 108.4%,215.9%, 144.8% and 24.2%,54.9%,35.1 % treated with AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ after 48 hours, the catalase of maximum increment were91.3%,113.5%,95.7% and 69.6%,82.4%,64.3% treated with the AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ after 48 hours. the activity of superoxide dismutase is inhibited by AgNO₃before it increase, the superoxide dismutase maximum decrement were 17,592 and 38 cativities unities after treated 24 hours, and after treated 120 hours the superoxide dismutase have maximum increment were 75.3%,30.7%,65.2% and27.2%,16.2%,36.9% with the AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ in female lines h154,151 and normal lines h002.5.The bands of peroxidase isozyme deep stain than CK treated with AgNO₃and Ag₂S₂O₃ after 48 hours,and the bands of peroxidase isozyme more deep stain when the AgNO₃ and Ag₂S₂O₃ consistency increase.when the consistency is 400mg/L of AgNO₃,a new bands of peroxidase isozyme(Rf=0.407)were developed in h154,four new band of peroxidase isozyme(Rf=0.407,Rf=0.757, Rf=0.788,Rf=0.841)were developed in 151,five new bands of peroxidase isozyme(Rf=0.227,Rf=0.407,Rf=0.622,Rf=0.665,Rf= 0.710) were developed and two band of peroxidase isozyme(Rf=0.206,Rf=0.256)were disappear compared to that of CK in h002.when the AgNO₃ leave of 200mg/L and 300mg/L,two new bands(Rf=0.407, Rf=0.757)developed and the band of Rf=0.227 was disappear compared to that of CK in the 151.a new band of Rf=0.757 developed when using consistency is 400mg/L with Ag₂S₂O₃ in 151,except for the treatment of consistency is 400mg/L Ag₂S₂O₃,the other five treatments were have three new bands(Rf=0.622,Rf=0.665,Rf=0.710) developed compared to that of CK in the normal lines h002.