Effects Of Different Plant-type Maize On Morphological And Physiological Characters And Yield And Quality Of Relay-cropping Soybean

In the wheat/maize/soybean relay-cropping pattern, the effects of different plant-typemaize (erect,semi-erect and flat)on the changes of morphological and physiologicalcharacters, yield and quality of different relay-cropping soybean(early-mature, middle-matureand late-mature)were studied. The principal results were as follows:1. With the expanding of maize pant-type, the relay-cropping soybean which resultedin the high plant height, thin main stem diameter and had higher the ratio of loge and deathseedling of soybean; The different genesis of soybean had a significant correlation, theincreasing ratio of plant height of late mature-soybean was less than the middle-mature andearly-mature, but its plant height, main stem diameter and the ratio of loge and death wereprior to the other varieties.2. With the expanding of maize pant-type, the LAI and LAD of soybean decreased,and the value of seedling SPAD of soybean, the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and chlorophyllcontent of soybean after flowering were increased. There was no significant deviation amongdifferent soybean varieties in the seedling stage, but to the LAI, LAD and chlorophyll contentof soybean during the other stages, the late-mature soybeans were best.3. With the expanding of maize pant-type, the relay-cropping soybean which resulted inthe higher soluble sugar content of leaf and stem, and the lower soluble sugar content of pod,decreased the production of starch content of soybean in the sensitive period. To the soybeanvarieties, the late-mature had the highest soluble sugar content of leaf and stem, and mediumsoluble sugar content of pod; then the early-mature had highest content of starch. Except theincreasing of content of starch of pod, the organic content of soluble sugar and starch had thehighest value during the florescence and pod-setting stage. The nitrogen content of soybeanorganic decreased except the pod with growing. In the mature stage, the nitrogen content ofleaf was higher than stem by the expanding of maize pant-type and the mid-mature had thehighest content of nitrogen of leaf, the early-mature had the highest content of nitrogen ofstem, the late-mature had the highest content of nitrogen of pod. At last, the effects of theplant-type of maize and the genesis of soybean on the relative percentage and absorption ratiowere big caused by the percentage of growing stages. 4. The effect of different maize plant types on the changes of SOD, POD activity inleaves of soybean were studied, the results showed that the florescence and pod-setting stagewere the most sensitive period to the development of soybean; the most effective maizeplant-type to the content of SOD, POD was flat, and the late maturing soybean variety tookthe fastest response to the environment stress.5. The stem DR and leaf OR and leaf CR of soybean had a significant positivecorrelation with its DMA and Yield. The negative effect on the DMA, OR and CR of soybeanwere decreased by the expanding of maize pant-type. Because of the difference of soybeangenesis, the OR, CR and DR of soybean were different. The stem of mid-mature andearly-mature soybean about OR, CR and DR were higher than its leaves, but the late-maturesoybean was opposite. This caused that the average DMA of the late-mature soybean washigher than the mid-mature and early-mature soybean, and it also had more effective pods perplant, effective seeds per pod and higher weight of 100-seed and less vacant seed. Examplethat the yield of late-mature soybean than the mid-mature and early-mature soybean.6. The effects of different maize plant types on the changes of nutritive ingredientscontent in pods of soybean were studied; the results showed that the main effective factor wasthe soybean varieties. The crude protein content of soybean increased and the crude fattinesscontent of soybean decreased by the expanding of maize pant-type. The different soybeanvarieties had significant deviation; the late-mature soybeans had the highest protein and crudefattiness.7. With the expanding of maize pant-type, the index of soybean shaded-tolerancedecreased. The early-mature and mid-mature soybeans were not shaded-tolerance; theshaded-tolerance index of the late-mature soybean was highest when matched with the erectmaize, the index of shaded-tolerance showed that we should choose the erect maize torelay-crop the late-mature soybean.