Diagnosis And Treatment Of Combined Infection Of Pasteurella Multocida And Clostridium Septicum Of The Deer

Since 2000, the deers in a deer-keeping farm of Jian Shi county in HuBei provincehave subjected from a disease which is characterized by a high mortality.60 deers weredead and it caused large economic loss because of the incorrect diagnosis of the diseaseand wrong treat way.The disease was caused by combined infection of Pasteurella multocida andClostridium Septicum by case investigation, clinical examination,pathological dissection,isolation and identification of microbes and animal experiment in our lab.The disease mainly occurred in young male deers over 2 years,and less were seen infemale deers.The clinical characteristic were:to fall ill suddenly, high temperature,breathing urgently, some had neurosis symptom and died quickly. Pathological changeswere mainly characterized by hemorrhagic soakage in portio pharynges and in front ofchest,with bleeding points.Superficial lymph nodes of body, mesenteric lymph nodes andhilar lymph nodes are hyperaemia and swelling.Intesine is hyperaemia, bleeding andulcus.Liver is dark brown, swelling and had unsharp border.Cholecyst is full.Spleenbecamed dark red and swelled a little.Membrane of rumen fell of easily.Abomasummembrane inflaned with bleeding and necrosis.There were lots of cellulosic effusion inchest.Lung adhered to pleural membrane with cellulosic effusion.Lung congested in alarge area and hydroped.Cross section seemed like marble.Air sac and endotracheal werefull of foam-like rufous liquid, swelled and bled.Heart swelled,under the epidium ,therewere kinds of scales of bleeding points in the coronary sulcus.Blood in the heart becamedark purple,and coagulated slowly.Menigeal hyperemiaed a little.There were a littleamber liquid in brain.We collected the liver and spleen of the dead deers and touching dyed to examinedunder microscope.We saw Gram-negative,none-sporular short bacillus.They were stainedat the two poles by Wright's staining method.Film preparation was examined bymethylene blue staining ,and single amphi-round or short chain-like thick bacteria wereseen.They were preliminarily diagnosed as Pasteurella multocida and ClostridiumSepticum.Bacteria were isolated and cultured, typical colony of Pasteurella multocida(colonies were gray ,gleamy and dew drop-like) and Clostridium Septicum (irregularsilk-like macula around the colonies,the shape of colony were heart-like orsemen-like,little gray, macula,βzone of hemolysis around the colony)were seen.Result ofbiochemistry of bacteria showed that they were Pasteurella multocida and Clostridium Septicum.Same pathological changes were replicated as Pasteurella multocida andClostridium Septicum in animal inoculation experiment.So,the illness was diagnosed ascombined infection of Pasteurella multocida and Clostridium Septicum.We screened sensitive medicine to Pasteurella multocida and Clostridium Septicumby medicine sensitiveness scrip diffusion.The result of medicine sensitive was:thesensitivest medicine was ciprofloxacin,the sensitiver medicine was florfenicol,thencidomycin,none sensitive medicine was ampicillin.Rabbits were inoculated with bacteriaisolated from dead deers to test the result of medicine-sensitiveness experiment.Resultswere: ciprofloxacin was the sensitivest medicine,with cure rate 100%.The secondsensitivest medicine was florfenicol,with cure rate 80%,then cidomycin,with cure rate20%-40%.Ampicillin was not sensitive,the cure rate was 0%.Based on the diagnosis results of our lab,deer-keeper should treat the disease withciprofloxacin and florfenicol together.20 ill deers were treated,17 were cured,the cureratio was 85%.3 deers were dead,mortality was 15%.Cure ratio was improved obviouslycompared to use medicines like penicillin,streptomycin and Terramycin (cure ratio30%,mortality 70%)before.The deer has been injected the vaccine of Pasteurella multocida and ClostridiumSepticum made by ourselves that has been killed.Seven days later, the diseased deerbecame less and less.Fourteen days later, the disease is end.Thirty days later, the vaccinewill injected again. And then,the vaccine will be injected into the deer every half ayear.The disease resulted from Pasteurella multocida and Clostridium Septicum of thedeer has been controlled efficiently.We diagnosed the illness as combination infection of Pasteurella multocida andClostridium Septicum which was rare in clinic, and cured it.It had a certain practical andtheory value and also caused some social and economic value.