Research On Soil And Water Loss And Prevention And Controling Measures For Hangbu River Valley

In recent years, the Chaohu Lake basin forest vegetation encountered serious destruction, the soil and water loss intensifies, the ecological environment worsened unceasingly, causes the entire basin ecosystem structure and the function has had change huge in a short time. Hangbu River is the main river system of Chaohu Lake, occupies the Chaohu Lake water source above 65%, Hangbu River also is the main silt origin of the west Lake, moreover the soil erosion causes the nonpoint pollution in the basin, directly affects Hefei which draws water in Chaohu Lake to produce the domestic water. It has the extremely vital significance to reduce Chaohu Lake's silts and improves the quality of Hefei tap water Lake Chou's silt through controls the soil erosion of the Hangbu River valleyHangbu River originates in a mountain village of the Dabie Mountain in the west of Anhui province ,which is the longest river system of Chaohu Lake basin, its span 139 kilometers, the drainage area is 2060 square kilometers, flow after Yuexi County, Shucheng County, Feixi, Lujiang County, the downstream and Fengle River converge to flow in Chaohu Lake.This article through the convective region in remote sensing phantom digital enhancement processing, materials and so on union topographic diagram, geologic map, historical document and local chronicle, and in the open country investigation foundation, has studied the basin soil erosion mechanism harm and the distributed rule. As well as discussed the soil erosion to cause the acceleration lake basin siltation effect, proposed the feasible plan and the synthesis improvement countermeasure.This paper main research content is as follows:1. Soil and water loss type analysis foundation, according to the China people's republic profession standard "Soil erosion Classification Graduation Standard" (SL190-96) request soil erosion taxonomy, uses RS, GIS and each kind of data processing software characteristic, establishes the soil erosion taxonomy code system and the charting.2. Using the geographic information system formidable space superimposition analysis function, provides the powerful technical support, analyzes its spatial distribution rule, and carries on the soil erosion district in this foundation; Outlines its different soil erosion the boundary, in the computation basin soil and water loss modulus, estimates under its each different corroded intensity the soil and water loss quantity.3. In the soil erosion district foundation, begins from the nature and the social economy factor two aspects, analysis basin soil erosion formation reason4. The analysis soil and water loss harm, proposed the Hangbu River conservation ofwater and soil synthesis preventing and controlling pattern, the district government keyand the protection restores the countermeasure.This following is the innovation and production in this Paper:1. The union soil erosion various factors graduation calibration, proposed suits this research area the slope, the land utilization type and the vegetation degree of coverage four factor soil and water loss graduation target, infers the research area soil erosion intensity graduation overall target system, divides this research area soil erosion intensity micro corroded, the mild corroded level, the moderate corrosion, the intensity corrosion and the pole strength corrodes four levels, and makes soil and water loss intensity graduation chart.2. The soil and water loss quite serious area distributes in the upstream low mountain rolling country, specially in Longhekou Reservoir neighbor, but is sparse in the vegetation, population much, opens up steep slopes to cultivation the serious place, soil and water loss form mainly is the surface erosion primarily, also is in the key overnment the high strength outflow region.3. Soil and water loss takes the ecological environment question, not only can create the land resource the destruction, the production environment worsens, the ecological equilibrium detuning, to the home court, this article has with emphasis discussed the Hangbu River valley and Chaohu lake district ecological environment influence which soil and water loss caused, Displays the outflow area soil fertility drops in the basin, the flood is frequent, the river course loafs, the Lake Chaohu lake district silt clogs with silt, ecology questions and so on eutrophication aggravation.4. In analyzed its soil and water loss reason in the foundation to propose take the basin as the unit ecological restoration and the comprehensive program of public order measure, to the upstream, the most main ecological restoration measure is the slope farming takes back from agriculture .To middle and lower reaches soil and water loss relative light, key to river bank, reconstruction ecology shore construction certain width vegetation protective belt. The suggestion development vegetation protection, the project measure, biological measure, raise the local economical level some programs of public order.