Effects Of 1-methylcyclopropene And Multiple Preservative On Ornamental Characters And Fractional Mechanisms In Cut & Potted Flowers

1 -methylcyclopropene (1 -MCP) is a novel kind of ethylene acceptor inhibitor which was developed in American. The gas irreversibly combined the ethylene acceptor, has many excellences such as low cost, low dosage, high effect, pollution free, and so on. At present, it has been applied to postpartum preservation in the horticultural products such as fruits, vegetables and ethylene sensitive flowers. Phalaenosis amabilis, a few attempts have verified the promising use of the gas in flower circulation and preservation. In present study, we screened different flower varieties and treatment methods of 1-MCP. The effect of 1-MCP was evaluated by comparing with those of STS and preservative solutions multiple treatments. STS, a heavy metal chaemistry, is a traditional and effective ethylene inhibitor. The mechanism of 1-MCP on the cut flower and potted flowers was discussed; it can provide some clues for industrialization application of 1-MCP.The important cut flowers of roses (Rose hybrida) and chrysanthemum (Dendronthema morifolium), traditional cut flowers of Mei flower (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) and water lily( Nelumbo nucif era Gaertn.), newly and popular potted flowers of Dendrobium nobile and Cyclamen persicum were employed in this study. Post-harvest life and ornamental characters including leaf early declining and etiolating, petal fading, abscission and blueness were studied in two different kinds of ethylene sensitivity flowers treated by 1-MCP. The available pretreatment concentration and duration of 1-MCP were determined. According to the different effects of 1-MCP, preservative solutions and STS, the ethylene sensitivity of the flowers involved in this study was discussed. The mechanism that how the 1-MCP affect the ethylene release, membrane stability and lipid oxidation was investigated, it will provide theoretical and technological support for the use of 1-MCP in different flowers' post-harvest preservation.Primary study conclusions:500 and 1000nl/L 1-MCP treatment prolonged the vase-holding life by 1 to 2 days and depressed the petal blueness of cut rose 'First Red' and 'Red Berlin'. As compared with the effects of STS, 1-MCP was less effective in prolonging the vase life, however, there is no significant difference between them at the level of 0.01 Flower diameter treated by STS was 1cm larger than that treated by 1-MCP, Little blueness was observed in flowers treated by STS. The effect of STS on improving the flower quality is notably better than that of 1-MCP at the level of 0.05 and 0.01.The effects of 1-MCP and preservative solution on vase-holding of cut Mei flower 'Yinhongzhusha' and 'Fengxing' was studied, the results showed that 1000nl/L 1-MCP and PS treatments prolonged the vase life by about 3d, inhibited flower abscission, staved petal blueness at the level of 0.05 and 0.01. 1-MCP treatment remarkably improved flower opening, staved flower and petal abscission, and depressed the releasing quantity and pinnacle of ethylene during vase. It suggested that two cultivars of Mei flower are ethylene sensitivity flower. And it confirmed that, the physiological and biochemical effects that 1-MCP inhibited ethylene and staved abscission were related to depressing the content of MDA and velum penetrating character, improving the activity of SOD and CAT. 1-MCP can find its business use in Mei cut flower since it can inhibit abscission notably.800nl/L 1 -MCP treatment (for 8h) could alleviate the damage of flower fading and shedding, leaf etiolating induced by extrinsic ethylene treatment in Dendrobium nobile, and it can also prolong the post-harvest life. The study inferred that Dendrobium nobile is ethylene sensitive flower, 1-MCP treatment could be applied before this potted flower coming into the market.Dendranthema morifolium is ethylene insensitive flower, our previous study showed that leave early fading and etiolating of the chrysanthemum were related to ethylene induced by ABA and IAA during the senescence process. The effect of 1-MCP on overcoming leaf early fading and etiolating induced by ethylene in storage was studied, the result showed that pretreatment with 500nl/L 1-MCP for 6h could prolong flower vase life, reduce ethylene release quantity, defer ethylene pinnacle in leaf of cut chrysanthemum 'Youxiang', restrain the effects of extrinsic ethephon on leaf fading and etiolating. So 1-MCP can apply to restrain the ethylene injury which occurred in the storage of cut chrysanthemum effectively, it will play an important role in the storage, transport and preservation of cut chrysanthemum for export. The practical application of 1-MCP in export of cut chrysanthemum was tested in Shanghai and Rugao.The effects of different concentrations of 1-MCP treatments on different varieties of water lily showed that 1-MCP didn't resolve remarkably the key problem such as staving water loss, petal browning, sheding and bend neck in cut lotus. It indicated that lotus is ethylene insensitive flower. The study showed that, ultrasonic wave and preservative solution multiple treatments could overcome the phenomenon of water loss, fading and neck bending of lotus. The treatments only prolonged the vase life by about 1 day, unremarkably. But the most significant achievement was that the cut lotus could maintain the well ornamental quality after wet storage about 7 to 14 days at 5 to 7℃treated by the ultrasonic wave and preservative solution multiple treatments. It provided necessary short term storage technique for the business lotus to come into the market.800nl/L 1-MCP treatment (for 8h) could inhibit leaf etiolating of Cyclamen persicum, but less effective in delaying petal shedding and fading. The study inferred that Cyclamen persicum Mill is ethylene insensitive flower.Conclusions of this paper:By Comparing the effects of 1-MCP, STS? traditional preservative solutions and ultrasonic wave, it showed that cut roses, Mei flower and potted flower Dendrobium nobile are ethylene sensitive flowers. However, cut lotus, chrysanthemum and potted flower Cyclamen persicum are ethylene insensitive flowers, except that the leaf early fading and etiolating of chrysanthemum is sensitive to extrinsic ethylene.The effects of 1-MCP was not as good as STS treatment in ethylene sensitive flowers; 1-MCP and PS multiple treatments had accumulation and complementary effects on the preserve in ethylene sensitive flowers;The efficient treatment concentrations and duration of 1-MCP treatment on different cultivars were established. In brief, for cut roses, 500-1000 nl/L 1-MCP for 12 h, cut chrysanthemum, 500 nl/L1-MCP for 6 h, cut Mei flower, 1000 nl/L1-MCP for 12 h, and potted flower Dendrobium nobile and Cyclamen persicum Mill,800 nl/Ll-MCP for 8 h. But the effects of contradicting ethylene and inhibiting shedding were different in different cultivars.The ethylene insensitive flower cut water lily treated with 2.5×10⁴ HZ,70W ultrasonic wave and preservative solution(4%Suc+200mg/L 8-HQC +5mg/L 6-BA+5mg/L GA₃+0.1% Ca²⁺) multiple treatments for 1h could keep the good quality for about 14d in the wet storage at 4℃.