Study On The Genotypic Difference Of Zinc And Iron Content In Maize Seed

In this research, the Zn and Fe content of 100 parental inbred lines and location materials of maize were tested to analyze the genotypic differences. The combiningability, genetic variance, genetic correlation, genotypic effect and heritability of Zn and Fe content in maize seed were studied through 7×7 complete diallel crossing, selfcross and backcross by using seven maize inbred lines with different Zn and Fe content. The results showed:1. According to the analysis datum of 100 maize inbred lines, the genotypic differences of Zn and Fe content in maize inbred lines were significant. The range of Zn,Fe and phytic acid content were 7.20-43.20 mg/kg, 12.00-53.20 mg/kg and 0.47-0.94 mg/g, respectively. The Zn content of Yuanhuang, the Fe content of S0073 and the phytic acid content of H₀19 were the highest in all of tested inbred lines. Zi330 was the higher Zn and Fe and lower phytic acid inbred.2. In 7 parental inbred lines for complete diallel crossing, the Zn content of inbred 178 which was 23.75 mg/kg and the Fe content of inbred Zi330 which was 27.50 mg/kg were the highest, respectively. Among 42 hybrids, the Zn content of the hybrid Zi330×Luyuan 92 which was 24.75 mg/kg and the Fe content of hybrid Zi330xZheng 58 which was 24.00mg/kg were the highest, respectively.3. The general combining ability of Zn and Fe content in the inbred lines 178 and Zi330 were higher than that of other inbred lines which indicated that the 178 and Zi330 can increase Zn and Fe content through breeding.The non-additive gene was important for Zn and Fe content in maize seed.4. According to the Zn and Fe content of 7 inbred lines in 2005,2006 and 2007,the CV analysis indicated that the stability of Zn and Fe content was different among inbred lines and there was the best stability for Zn and Fe content in Dan 340.5. The estimates of genetic variance indicated that the generation of all the kernel traits and Zn, Fe content were affected by the seed's embryo effect, endosperm effect and maternal effect simultineously; maternal effect was the main effects of the traits including Zn, Fe content and seed traits, in contrast with the additive variance for Fe content, the maternal dominance variance was the main factors for all of the other seed traits; cytopplasm genes had significant effects on Fe content, 100-kernel weight and kernel width.The material abundant of Zn was selected indirectly through seeds of short, narrow kernel, less weighty while the material rich of Fe can be obtained by seeds of long, flat kernel but more weighty both from material plants.6. Luyuan 92 was the best female parent for the improvement of hybrid for Zinc. Luyuan 92 and 178 were the best female parents for the improvement of hybrid for Fe content in this study.