Cloning And Expression Patterns Of Phytomcrome C In Common Wheat

Plant photoreceptor participates in plant development,and it contains crytochrome and phtochrome.Phytochrome detects Red/Far-Red light,and crytochrome detects Blue light and UV-A.In Arabidopsis phytochrome gene family contants PHYA,PHYB,PHYC,PHYD and PHYE.Among them PHYC not only detects red light signaling,but also exclusively regulates leaf development.Transgenic plants which overexpression of Arabidopsis phytochrome gene exhibit semidwarf plant,photosynthesis efficiency increasing,lower shadeavoidence.The yield could remarkably increase by high product of each plant and dense planting.The research of crop phytochrome is lagging behind.In cereal there are only three subfamily:PHYA,PHYB and PHYC,the biological role of them are still unknown. Furthermore there are two opinions about Wheat PHYC,the one consists that there is only copy of PHYC located on 4B,another found there are three copies located on 5A,5B and 5D respectively.In this research we using Chinese Spring to confirming its PHYC copy number,cloning these each copy.Basing on Wheat PHYC sequence,AY672997,AY672999 and AY673000, we designed one pair of primer to clone PHYC cDNA sequence of Chinese spring,and three pairs of primer to find each copy of PHYC in TA clone.And then cloning PHYC of Wheat ancestry(include AA chromosome,DD chromosome and AABB chromosome). Deducing the origin of each Wheat PHYC by comparing PHYC of Chinese Spring with PHYC of ancestry Wheat.We analysed phylogenetic of several cereals by DNAMAN,and compared the PHYC protein of Wheat with Arabidopsis by CDD of NCBI.The result confirmed there are three PHYC copies in Wheat.We named the three copies by TaPHYC₁,TaPHYC₂ and TaPHYC₃ respectively.The comparability of these three genes is up to 99.11%.And the sequence of TaPHYC comparing with ancestry PHYC indicates that TaPHYC₁ derived from A chromosome,TaPHYC₂ from B chromosome and TaPHYC₃ from D chromosome.The phylogenetic of several cereals found out that C3 plant like Wheat PHYC assembled together distinguishs from C4 plants.The comparetion of PHYC protein structure between Wheat Arabidopsis found that Wheat PHYC losts a PAS domain but gets a HisKA domain.The expression amount of TaPHYC₁ is almost as same as TaPHYC₂,but more than TaPHYC₃.White light and dark condition does not affect this result.