Study On The Mechanism Of Super Absorbent, Soil And Fertilizer And Its Effect On Crops

With our country economic society's great development, the water resources are short, ecological environment worsening questions and so on are getting more and more serious. Greatly the development saving water agriculture, the promoted saving water irrigation technology is efficient path, it is very important means for solves our country agricultural water short question and alleviates the ecological environment water used. As a kind of chemistry saving water material, Super Absorbent Polymer(SAP) is high and new technology of saving water and drought in the agricultural forestry production. Soil and Water and Nutrient retention were studied by indoor mechanism experiment theoretical analysis and the crops bonsai maintenance test when Super Absorbent Polymer in soil mixed with Fertilizer, meanwhile, its effect on crop growth and physiology properties are studied, as well as Water Use Effieciency and the nutrient uptake. The results as follows:(1) The Retaining capacity of SAP in the different concentration solutions and the fertilizer solutions is reduced with solution concentration increased, but urea has less effect on the Retaining capacity of SAP. Some positive ions in soil and the irrigation water salinity has the obvious reduce in Retaining capacity of SAP, therefore, when uses the SAP must consider that the soil salinity and the irrigation water quality(2) There were obviously increase in soil water retention capacity When SAP is added to soil, thereby, it can significantly increases available soil water content of crops than Lou earth in cultivated loessial soil. However, SAP in the soil with fertilizers common role, soil water-holding capacity with concentration of fertilizer increased, available soil water content of crops are significantly decreased.(3) Effect of Soil water potential on soil nitrate-holding capacity, in the range of<0.1Mpa soil water potential, there were increased in soil nitrate-holding capacity than Huangmian soil in Lou soil, Nitrate concentration in centrifugal filtirate has decreased trend with the SAP concentration increased, thereby, soil nutrient holding capacity are significantly increased with the concentration of nitrate leaching decreased.(4) With the quantity of SAP increased, accumulated soil evaporation capacity is decreased when SAP is added in soil. There were increase in accumulated soil evaporation when SAP mixed with fertilizer.The quantity of soil aggregates increase with the increased SAP; When both SAP and fertilizer were applied, soil aggregates were reduced with an increase in the quantity of fertilizer. The contents of nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in different soil aggregates increased with the increased SAP and its storage content increased correspondingly.(5) The maize seedling stage's growth condition, the physiological and Water Use Efficiency are studied by SAP mix with fertilizer under the different soil moisture condition. The results were as follows: the soil moisture content is the primary factor which affects maize seedling growth, SAP and fertilizer has less effect on maize seedling growth, but SAP mixed with fertilizer has certain promoter action in sufficient soil moisture condition. When the soil moisture content is 80%~100% (account for field moisture capacity), the SAP mixed with the nitrogenous fertilizer in allocated proportion can increase the leaf appearance of the water, the chlorophyll content, enhances the root vigor, the promotes nitrogen transforms, raises the Water Use Efficiency.