Study On Building And Application Of Henan Province Soil DataBase

The soil worker of Henan was through the second-time soil census engaged in a great deal of soil inquisition and graphics work, acquired a great quantities precious data, backlog a great deal of research result.But, soil research data of the result is information-based is weak, a great deal of research results of the predecessor soundly asleep in the reference room even have already lose, long-last can not get valid exploitation, the government section or agriculture technique expansion information understanding of section to soil resources be not enough completely.For this, our consideration quote from, absorb, digest the people of the past's research result, and know soil with crowd, use soil, change soil and teach experience of soil to merge into an integral whole, close combine to produce practice and character of Henan soil's occurrence, develop, distribute, categorize, physics and chemistry property, produce function etc, begin to carry on a set up of soil database.This paper makes use of the computer and the technolgy of GIS (MAPGIS), study the building method of the middle scale soil database,and join up the materal of the second soil survey, based on the study result of predecessors, building up the 1:200000 soil database, and make research on some aspects of its application。The soil isn't uniform with the timespace continuous body of variety and have high space variation.Actual experiment in the field express that even in the district of homology of the soil quality, same soil characteristics with other time also have obvious difference on the different space position.This kind of attribute is called the spatial heterogeneity of soil character.In spite of prognosticate on the big dimensions or on the small dimensions, the spatial heterogeneity of soil character all exist.The research of the spatial heterogeneity of soil character begins from 70's in 20 centuries and its theories basis is a ground of covariance to learn medium localization to random change to measure theories.Many soil workers did a great deal of introduction and study work, but usually concentrated distribute the soil attribute of the regulation research or tiny view a study of influence the factor in single space, but in the microview evaluate foundation up the research produce this kind of spatial heterogeneity reason is not enough thorough.A map is compiled in the accordance to the criteria for grading of soil fertility fixde up in Research Project"973"on Principles of Soil Quality Changes and Sustainable Land Use(for pH)and in the National Soil Nutrient Grades(for OM, Total N, Avaliable K)to show the spatial heterogeneity of pH, OM, Total N, Avaliable K in the surface soils(0～15cm)of the study area; Moreover, variance analysis is conducted of the data of physico-chemical properies of the soils of various soil types and parent materials. Results shows that all determined soil properties are quite heterogeneity especially OM and pH.International community all make a deep concerns on the reserves of soil organic carbon database and source problems,and actively make a great deal of the research.Our country region vast, the soil type is numerous and occupy a very important position in the research of global variety.Local soil carbon the research of the circulation mainly to particular region, eco-system and living creatures falls and carries on the C02 double in amount experiment to carry on to the small district agriculture soil breath currently and these are only parts of links of the land eco-system carbon circulation.The scholars of our country have already estimate the reserves of Chinese organic carbon database of the land soil and the distributes with space in recent years.This paper estimate the soil organic reserves and analysis its spatial distribution characteristics in Henan province basing on 1:200000 soil database of Henan province. The result shows that the total amount of soil organic carbon in Henan is about 10.27×108 t, account for 1.15% of the China soil organic carbon reserves. The average of carbon density is 7.46 kg·m-2, lower than of the mean carbon density of China (i. e. 9.60 kg·m-2). The soil types of the soil organic carbon reserves in the top four is Tidal soil, Cinnamon soil, Skeleton soil, Yellow cinnamon soil, all of them reserves is more than 1.0×108 t, and them total reserves is account for 69.65% of the Henan province; The organic carbon density of Bog soil is the most, and the follow is Mountain meadow and Brown soil, the value is 24.54 kg·m-2, 17.69 kg·m-2 and 14.64 kg·m-2, respectively. And they main distribute over the west mountain in Henan province, but the total of their reserves is only account for 6.34% of whole province; Rocky soil and Wind sand soil organic carbon density is lowest, the value is 1.32 kg·m-2 and 1.38 kg·m-2 respectively. In general, Henan province soil organic carbon density mostly vary among 5 to 10 kg·m-2.China has a complicated natural condition, abundant land resources and long cultivation history, so in the whole whole country in great quantities plant a species a complicated, especially, excellent and economic plant, include fruit,vegetable,flower and some industrial raw material plants, these plant of distribute have clear local special features, they can grow only have certain natural conditional region, or is have a handful of regions in the special natural condition would become good and economic characteristic, this kind of the special character is called soil proper, concretely say,land of a district condition to some farm crop not only have physiology and ecosystem of highly suit, but also have a special suit with economic characteristic of the product, as a result become a special economic species in this district.Aim at the land suitability evaluation of particular wood, fruit or farm crop species is also a hot realm.The rise of GIS brought the innovation of technique for land suitability evaluation, it combine the space data and character data perfectly and together, and have a strong space analytical skill, this analysis, evaluation which makes to this kind of space complicated system in the land has more scientific.Therefore, the GIS technique is in the land suitability evaluation of the application get a quick development, and expressed sturdy of development power head.Finally this paper take garlic of Zhongmou as an example,make use of the soil database of Henan with the soil genera as evaluate unit,adopt composite index method make a simple land suitability evaluation to explain the application of soil database in the local land suitability evaluation.