Study On Relationships Between Wheat Solvent Retention Capacities And Quality And The Effects Of Fertilizing On Solvent Retention Capacities

Four solvent retention capacities (SRCs) as lactic acid SRC (LASRC), sodium carbonate SRC (SCSRC), water SRC (WSRC) and sucrose SRC (SSRC), were analyzed among nineteen high yield wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with middle or strong gluten content grown in Huanghuai region, and correlation analyses were made with quality traits such as volume weight, protein, wet gluten content, farinograph parameters and starch paste viscosity. Results showed significant differences in LASRC, SCSRC, WSRC and SSRC levels between cultivars (p < 0.01). Analyses showed positive correlation between LASRC and protein and wet gluten content (r = 0.61 and 0.60, respectively). LASRC was also correlated to five farinograph parameters. SCSRC was shown to be significantly correlated to grain hardness and water absorption rate (r = 0.75 and 0.88, respectively). However, it showed negative correlation to peak viscosity, breakdown and gelatinization temperature (r = -0.64, -0.74 and -0.66). WSRC was positively correlated to grain hardness, water absorption rate and farinogram quality number (r = 0.57, 0.75 and 0.47, respectively) and negatively correlated to breakdown value (r = -0.65). Positive correlation was also found between SSRC and protein, wet gluten content and water absorption rate with correlation coefficient r = 0.60,0.52 and 0.65, respectively. Results showed that SRCs could be the indicators of wheat quality. Among four SRCs studied, the relatedness of WSRC and SCSRC to wheat grain hardness was the strongest; SCSRC could directly reflect the level of damaged starch and indirectly reflect the grain hardness; SSRC could be used as indicator of glutenin and pentosan content; LASRC linked to glutenin traits and WSRC was a comprehensive parameter demonstrating all traits of flour components. Previously, SRCs were commonly used to evaluate the quality of soft wheat cultivars; less work had been done on cultivars with middle to strong gluten content. The current work demonstrates the possibility and feasibility of using SRC parameters into quality evaluation of wheat cultivars with middle to strong gluten content. This work is also helpful for breeding selection during early generations.Furthermore, a '3414' fertilizing model, i.e. 3 factors, 4 levels and 14 treatments, was used to study the effects of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O fertilizers on these SRCs. A regression model of Y=b₀+b₁x₁+b₂x₁²+b₃x₂+b₄x₂²+b₅x₃+b₆x₃²+b₇x₁x₂+b₈x₁x₃+b₉x₂x₃ was obtained and the regression of each SRC was calculated. The F value of the regression of each SRC was >F_0.05 or >F_0.01 except the WSRC which had an F value 0.05. It demonstrated the fact that SRCs were influenced by fertilizing. At the consistent P₂O₅ and K₂O level, N fertilizer showed significant influences on LASRC, SCSRC and SSRC but no influence was found on WSRC. With the increase of N level, LASRC, SCSRC and SSRC levels increased. However, neither P nor K showed significant effects on all the SRCs when the level of the other fertilizers was consistent. Results indicated that the influence of N level was the greatest and P and K showed no significant influence on wheat quality.