Studies On Growth And Development Of Different Types High-yielding Soybean

We selected six different types of high-yielding soybean varieties: 6023, 5171 (Large-scale high plant varieties), 34-1 ( multi-branched varieties), Jidou-2, Changnong -13 (medium height and less branches varieties),4026(matured earlier and high density varieties) in order to research their whole growth periods, dynamic changes of plant traits,organ development, physiological indicators.The results demonstrated that: although different types of high-yielding soybean on plant traits,organ development,physiological indicators have a lot of differences, but all varieties have their respective features. There were many field management that we could avoid the influence of unfavorable factors,and get the procure high yield and provide strong theoretical basis for the field production practice.The whole growth period dynamic data of plant traits,organ development demonstrated that these six different types of high-yielding soybean have obvious advantages per plant were 6023 and 5171, 6023 was the highest yield variety (32.5 g / plant). But we found this two varieties plants were lodging after the tornado in the experiment field.So that took appropriate control measures were reasonable in this period. Before pod stage the plant traits and organ development of 34-1 and 4026 were similar as other varieties, but in the late pod stage, organ development quickly reached the peak, These two varieties in this period should be particular concerned. Differrent types soybean physiological indicators data showed that during the growth period the leaf area and the leaf area index were nearly parabola-change. The leaf area per plant 6023 and 5171 were higher than others but leaves area index were lower. 4026 leaves area index was the highest. And the medium height less number of branches varieties Changnong-13 because of its large leaf, the leaf area index were also higher than others. It's the high-yielding varieties with potential for a favourable conditions, because the leaves were so luxuriate that the light could not be full of use, it is necessary to properly adjust the crop density and should be pay attention to the future breeding.After the peak curve of high large plant 6023, the leaves area downregulated trend gentler. The needing for the provision of the continuous plant material not only itself, but also for grain conversion, so in the late podding the leaves area should be maintained at a certain level. If the decrease of material into energy preferred to distribution the plant itself, it would reduce the yield because of the late-maturing .In view of the downward trend of the leaf area index, 6023,5171,34-1,Jidou-2 were gentler after reaching the peak. The leaves area index on their growth in the latter part remained a relatively high level. This conducive to intercepted more light and accumulating more assimilation production.The study on the dynamic change of dry matter accumulation aboveground part showed that all types per plants and colony dry matter accumulation were nearly "S" shape. Through the whole growth periods, the distribution of the dry matter accumulation in the early stage were mainly concentrated in leaves, At the late podding stage,because of the emergence and growth of dioxin, the entire energy must be transfered into stems and pods. The pods/plant more than 70%, this reflected that during the main energy had been contained for the pod growth..The leaves area per plant ,leaf area index , dry matter accumulation of Changnong-13 than Jidou-2, but the yield was less than Jidou-2, it showed that Jidou-2 had been a stronger grain transformation ability of organic material, which was a development of high-yielding varieties direction.High large plant type 6023 dry matter accumulation of per plant than 5171, the yield was higher than 5171 (32.25 g and 23.95 g), which indicated that 6023 has a strong yield capacity, because of some plant lodging with the stem weight increase at the latter part, therefore, it is necessary to enhance the characteristics of resistance lodging for this varieties.