Study On Characteristics Of The Groundwater And Soil And Their Impacts On Typical Plants Along The Banks Of Aqikesu River

Aqikesu River belongs to Ebinur Lake wetland nature reserved area, the majority of P. euphratica in the reserved area distributed on the two sides of the river, which is the world's most urgent priority protection of the forest genetic resources. And the desert riparian forest composed by P. euphratica is a natural windbreak forest belt, which plays an important role in the protection of Oasis stability and the ecological environment. H. ammodendron and Tamarix can resistant to drought, high temperature, wind and other anti-role, also control the expansion of the desert.The research area is the 15-km region from Dong-daqiao Station to Ta-qiaozi station in Aqikesu River. Twice mined groundwater measuring point, collected groundwater samples and the layered soil samples within test points in typical vegetation (such as H. ammodendron, Tamarix, reed, salt vegetation, P. euphratica, Tamarix mixed, etc.) and the Community of Sino-German cooperation projects P. euphratica kind underground. Through measuring the indicators of selected groundwater and soil in the Laboratory, such as major ion composition, pH value and salinity, soil moisture content and salinity etc, try to find the characteristics of the groundwater and soil and their influences for vegetation in the study area.The researching results prove that:1. The groundwater level is between 1.05-3.2m, and the average of salinity is 3.0377g/L. The main type of chemical groundwater is Na+---SO42- +Cl- and the average pH value of the groundwater is 7.95, showed a weakly alkaline. In the study area 41.18% of groundwater is fresh water, brakish water is 29.41%, and the other is moderately salt water. The groundwater in the study area will not produce sodium harm.2. The groundwater level for P. euphratica growing better is in the 1.8-2.7m. The farther from the river, the deeper groundwater level is, and the P. euphratica are growing worse, such as the average diameter at breast height, Crown, and the height of the trees gradually become smaller targets.The groundwater salinity of P. euphratica in each sampling point is between 0.288-5.275g/L, basicly suitable for vegetation growth.3. The average pH value of the surface soil is 8.81, showed a weakly alkaline. Since the content of SO42- is more than Cl-,and the value of SO42-/Cl->1, the soil showed salinization and a meadow sulfate.The results also prove that Tamarix, H. ammodendron, reeds and other vegetation are in their respective capacities and property water level. The high content of Cl- Less soil moisture and organic matter content will inhibit the growth of vegetation, high soil salinity, in particular 0-10 cm layer, will affect the growth of vegetation.In order to protect the vegetation in the study area, the soil should be improved with the use of a modified combination of measures to salt drainage as the guide and fertilization as the center to create a good soil environment. And we should develop, utilize and protect water resources rationally, establish the concept of sustainable development and water monitoring systems, protect desert vegetation, in order to maintain a good water environment in the region.