| The effect of the different rumen-protected leucine and HMB-Ca on Immune Function and Performance in IMWCG were studied and the results of that were as follows. The experiment is divided into four parts:Part 1 Study on preparation of rumen protected Leucine and HMB-Ca and evaluation of the stability of rumen-protected leucineExp.1 Evaluation of the stability of rumen-protected leucine Leucine was encapsulated with CMC and starch in wurster fluid-bed by spraying drying or cooling. In vitro and in Sacco techniques were used to identify the stability of the rumen-protected Leucine (RPLeu) in the artificial saliva and rumen of the Inner Mongolia White Cashmere Goats(IMWCG), and its digestibility in the duodenum. The coated amino acids were incubated for 2,4,8,12,16 and 24h in the artificial saliva,rumen and duodenum. Results showed that: Release rate of the RPLeu was improved with the cluture time;Release rate of the RPLeu in saliva,rumen and duodenum were10.63%,25.82%and85.27% after 8 hour.It showed that the rumen-protected Leucine had a good stability in saliva and rumen ,and it had a good digestibility in the duodenum. Part 2 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on nitrogen metabolism in IMWCGExp.2 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on nutrient passage rates in different sites of the digestive tract of IMWCGTwenty-one growing wethers of IMWCG with the same father, fitted with permanent cannula at the rumen, T-shape cannula at the proximal duodenum were used to investigate nutrient passage rates in different sites of the digestive tract and amino acids fluxes in the small intestine of IMWCG.The experimental goats were divided into seven group in a free random block design as follow: Control group ,0.5g/d HMB group(group A), 1g/d HMB group (group B), 1.5g/d HMB group (group C), 0.5g/d Leu group (group D) 1g/d Leu group (group E) 1.5g/d Leu group (group F). Co-EDTA was used as ruminal indigestible markers by in vivo trail to determine nutrient passage rates in different sites of the digestive tract and amino acids fluxes in the small intestine of the goats.The results showed that rumen Kp of feeding group C and Leucine groups were higher than other groups. After adding RPLeu and HMB-Ca could improve total flowing of DM,NDF and ADF in the rumen, adding group C,group E and groupF could increase the amount of disappearance of DM,NDF and ADF in the gastric area(p﹤0.05).Feeding groupC and group E could increased significantly amino acids fluxes in the small intestine of the goats (p<0.05).Exp.3 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on nitrogen metabolism in IMWCGThe part of experimental design was the same as the second ,Total collection of feces and urine was performed every 24h for 3d, to investigate effect of RPLeu and HMB-Ca products on nitrogen metabolism in IMWCG. The results suggested that the diet supplemental RPLeu and HMB-Ca increased nitrogen intake,retained nitrogen and daily gain, and had a tendency to decrease urine urea nitrogen excretion. Feeding group C and group E decreased the content of blood plasma urea nitrogen and blood plasma ammonia nitrogen(p<0.05).In addition to group A and group D, the other groups all could increase the content of essential and total amino acids in blood plasma of IMWCG.Part 3 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on Immune Function in Inner Mongolia White Cashmere GoatsExp.4 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on Non- specific immune Function in IMWCGAt the experiment, the carbon dissection index(κ),engulfed coefficient(α) and the lysozyme content in serum were determined to investigate effect of RPLeu and HMB-Ca products on body non-specific immune function in IMWCG. The results suggested that the carbon dissection index(κ),engulfed coefficient(α) and the lysozyme content in serum of experiment groups were higher than control group, RPLeu and HMB-Ca plays an important role in enhancing the body non-specific immune function.Meanwhile, feeding group C and group E were higher than other groups(P<0.05).Exp.5 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Caon specific immune Function in IMWCGAt the experiment, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbnent Assay techniques (ELISA )were used to determine the body fluid immune function and humoral immune function to investigate effect of RPLeu and HMB-Ca products on body specific immune function in IMWCG.The results showed that: RPLeu and HMB-Ca products can improve the content of IgG,IgM in the blood serum,and decreased the level of serum soluble CD4 and CD8 antigen in IMWCG,the experiment indicated that RPLeu and HMB-Ca plays an important role in enhancing the body specific immune function. Meanwhile, feeding group C was higher than other groups(P<0.05).At the same time,along with experiment a period of extension ,the body specific immune function was improved.Part4 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on Performance in Inner Mongolia White Cashmere GoatsExp.6 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on Protine synthesis in Skeletal Muscle of IMWCGAt the experiment ,4E-BP1and p70S6K in mTOR signaling pathway were examined by meansof Western-blot to investigate effect of RPLeu and HMB-Ca products on Protine synthesis in Skeletal Muscle of IMWCG. The results showed that: the 4E-BP1 phosphorylation state and Phosphorylation of p70S6K of experiment groups were higher than control group in goat tissue. Meanwhile, feeding group C and group E were higher than other groups .Exp.7 Effect of the different levels rumen-protected Leucine and HMB-Ca on Cashmere performance in IMWCGAt the experiment , the Cashmere Growth and net Cashmere rate were determined to investigate effect of RPLeu and HMB-Ca products Cashmere performance in IMWCG.The results showed that: the month growth of undercoat thickness, undercoat length, wool lengh of experiment groups were higher than control group. Meanwhile, feeding group E were higher than other groups(P<0.05).
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