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Occurrence And Control Of Post-harvest Tobacco Infestation In Jinan, Shandong Province

Posted on:2010-08-05Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y WangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2143360275476326Subject:Crop
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The post-harvest tobacco leaves were often damaged by pests, which might result in reduced grade and quality of tobacco leaves. In this paper, following the warehouse investagations and laboratory experiments on species, occurrence dynamics of pests and their natural enemies, the control effects of complex type trap and sulfuryl fluoride, a set of effective control measures were established to meet the requirement of post-harvest tobacco pest control and damage reduction.The occurrence of pests and their natural enemies in post-harves tobacco leaves with various types, production area, grades, production time were studied. Results revealed 8 species of pests and 4 species of natural enemies in Jinan, among which Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius) and Ephestia elutella (Hübner) were the most important pests, while Lariophagus distinguendus(Forster)and Bracon hebrtor(Say) were found the most two natural enemies in tobacco warehouse.The monitoring results of sex pheromone showed that the emergence of Lasioderma serricorne ( Fabricius ) winter generation adults began in later April. In warehouse with two fumigations in spring and autumn seperatively, two emergence peaks of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) occurred after the first fumigation. The emergence of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) winter generation adults began in middle or later April, with 3 or 4 peaks after the first fumigation. From later August to early September, the trapped pest density was relatively high. The winter generation larvas began their activity earlier indoors than outdoors, yet with higher level of occurrence outdoors than indoors.Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) developed three generations annually in Shandong Province, most of which began winterovering in second generation of larva. The first generation of larvas reached their occurrence peak in late June, and of adults in middle or late July. The second generation of larvas reached their peak in late August, and began winterovering in middle or late October.Ephestia elutella (Hubner) developed three or four generations annually in Shandong Province, most of which began winterovering in the second generation of later larva. The first generation of larvas reached their occurrence peak in late May, and of adults in middle or late July. The second generation of larvas reached occurrence peak from late July to early August, and the second generation of adults reached occurrence peak in late August before entering the winterovering period in first or middle October.The complex sex pheromone trapper exhibited favorable effect on the control of Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius) and Ephestia elutella (Hübner) through monitoring their occurrence. The trapper was safe to tobacco leaves and could be applied in stored tobacco and tobacco products. The optimum standing size of the complex sex pheromone trapper was 10m×10m, and the available time was six weeks.Sulfuryl fluoride performed effectively in the control of Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius) larva, with suitable dosage and fumigation time of 15g/m3 and 66 hours, respectively. Sulfuryl fluoride belongs to gas fumigant with no burning, no explosion and no corrosion. It is relatively safer than aluminium phosphide, with lower toxicity, shorter fumigation time, faster dissipation, high ability of diffusion and penetration, no corrosion to metals in warehouse and no burning residues.Technical regulations on the control of post-harvest tobacco pest in Jinan were also put forward in this paper. The integrated management should adhere to the basic rule of prevention first and integrated control, including the improvement of warehouse condition, the enhanced hygienic measures, the promoted forecast level and the strengthened physical seperation, which followed by the control of pest source with application of fumigant or protectant.
Keywords/Search Tags:post-harvest tobacco leaves, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius), Ephestia elutella (Hübner), sex pheromone, fumigation, control
PDF Full Text Request
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