The Study On Polyploid Breeding Technology Of Vitis Amurensis

Vitis Amurensis is one of the most important fruit germplasm resources since it possesses the unique character of brewing wine,abundant nutrition and high cold-resistance.Until now, there have been lots of researches about the multiploidy breeding selection,however,the paper was carried out to study on polyploidy breeding technology of Vitis Amurensis for the first time, using the method of sexual hybridization,seedlings grown in the field induced by colchicine and tissue culture treated with colchicine.The results were as follows:1.Hybridized combinations of zuoshan No.1 and zuoshan No.2 as female and 4N1 as male, and 4N1 self crossing were used to study the polyploidy breeding technology.Both treatments had low percentage of fertile fruit and rate of seed.None of Polyploid seedlings were got.2.Stem tips of different Vitis Amurensis varieties such as''shuangyou','Shuanghong' and'jiushan'were treated with colchicine and selected the suitable colchicine concentration. When the colchicine content was 0.1%there were no variations;when the colchicine content reached to 0.6%,the materials were all dead;when the colchicine content got to 0.2%and 0.4%,Variations were appeared.The optimum combination was 0.2%colchicine treated for 72h, the rate of survival of'Shuanghong'was 16.7%and the percentage of variation was 10%.3.Soaking and injection methods were used to study the effect of colchicine on the stem tips of Vitis Amurensis.Injection test could induce the apical portion of the seedlings,compared with injection,the damages caused by colchicine were more serious than soaking method. Although the range of plasticity was decreased according to treating concentration and hours, the rate of chromosome cytogenetic ploidy variation was increased.4.The regeneration systems were studied using the stems of Vitis Amurensis as explants using the MS basic medium.The result showed that the medium added to BA0.5 mg/l and NAA0.05 mg/l could induce adventitious shoots,then expanding propagation,finally established the regeneration systems of Vitis Amurensis.5.Soaking method and chemical test treated with colchicine were conducted to induce multiploidy using the single-stem bud of tissue culture seedlings of Vitis Amurensis.The soaking treatment was better than that of chemical treatment.The optimal treatment which the Rate of survival was 43.3%and percentage of variation was 20%in 0.1%colchicine treated for 24 hours on'Shuangyou'.