| Tamarix L. plants are important shrub, widely distributed in arid and semi-arid areas. Most of them are resistant to drought, saline and high temperature, and have important economical and ecological value.There are 14 species of Tamarix L. in Turpan desert botanical garden which was founded in 1992. The botanical garden need further optimization on the effective preservation mode of genetic diversity of plant population, species configuration and landscape design.Based on the Tamarix L plants garden that was founded before in the botanical garden, choose the natural Tamarix L community and population for frame of reference, study the planning and designing mode of the specialized Tamarix L plants garden on effective preservation of Tamarix L. plant resource. The researches aimed at protect and conserve Tamarix L. plants genetic diversity more effectively and completely, display the special desert shrub population landscape, provide the theoretical basis and technical parameters for the construction of Tamarix L garden.The results are as follows:(1) Every Tamarix L. plant is distributed in different habitat. Tamarix ramosissima,T. hispida and T. leptostachys distributed in Aeolian sandy, tugay, meadow and raw soil habits; T. arceuthoides distributed in meadow soil habits only; T. laxa and T. karelinii distributed in raw soil habit soil; T. hohenackeri distributed in sandy, meadow and tugay soil habits; T. elongata distributed in meadow, tugay and raw soil habits; T. taklamakanensis distributed in sandy soil habit only.(2) Every Tamarix L. plant has a different distribution density in different habitats, which density ranges from 0.001 to 0.020 strains·m-2.(3) Different species of Tamarix L. have different distributional patterns in the different habitats. Tamarix ramosissima displays the contagious distribution in sandy, tugay soil habits, and displays the random distribution in meadow and raw soil habits; T. arceuthoides displays the contagious and random distribution in different sample scales. T. hispida displays the random distribution in all habitats. T. laxa and T. karelinii displays the contagious distribution. T. hohenackeri displayed the random distribution in sandy and meadow soil habits, while displays the contagious and random distribution in tugay. T. leptostachys displays the contagious and random distribution in different sample scales in sand and saline, when distributed random in meadow and tugay. T.elongata is distributed random in meadow and tugay, while distributed contagious in sandy soil habit. T. taklamakanensis is distributed randomly in common.(4) The population density, distribution pattern, the minimum number of plants, the least survival area and types of soil in Tamarix L. are different in natural habitats, these are important reference of allopatry plant populations re-building.(5) In the Tamarix L garden,we suggest the minimum number of Tamarix L. should be 96～120. during the plant configuration, every species need to save 3～5 populations from different areas and habitats, and the appropriate number of one population is 10～30.(6) The minimum survival area is different depending on the different species, 7500.37~9375.46 m2 in Tamarix ramosissima, 8741.10~10926.37m2 in T. hispida,7569.82~9462.27m2 for T.elongata,9832.89~12291.12m2 in T. leptostachys,2914.29~3642.86m2 in T .arceuthoides, 5875.00~7343.75 m2 in T. Laxa, 7143.82~8929.77m2 in T.hohenackeri, 2609.81~3262.26m2 in T.taklamakanensis ,2954.96~3693.69m2 in T. karelinii.
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