Study On Characteristics Of Soil Fauna Community After Vegetation Restoration Alongside Expressway Slope In Jiaohe

Soil fauna as the main component of the terrestrial ecosystem,play an important role in the material circulation and energy flow,etc.The eco-geographical study of soil animals mainly focus on the natural vegetation,the study of after artificial grass for the construction slope is rare.Studying on the soil fauna community characteristics and distribution in the destructed slope after planting grass,can provide basis to the promotion of slope ecosystem restoration from the perspective of soil zoology.The study area is located in the artificial grass highway slope of Jiaohe in Changbai Mountain,where location is 43°40'59"N,127°36'39" E.We set 5cm peat in the slope,plant elymus sibiricus,alfalfa and other plants.In July and September 2007 and in May 2008 in the upper part and lower part of the two grass slope and the natural Korean pine broad-leaved mixed forest of the study area, sampling respectively three 10cm×10cm quadrat,each quadrat by(0～5,5～10cm) 2 layer,take indoor extracted soil fauna with Tullgren Separation and identification them.At the same time collect(0～5,5～10cm) 2-storey soil samples back to indoor measure soil pH and organic matter and soil nutrient content.Studies have shown that the study area received soil animals in small and medium-sized 32 categories,in total of 4807,subject to 1 Phylum,5 classes.15 orders,20 families.3 advantage groups,respectively convergence mites,springtails section,gamasina;3 types of common groups,namely A mites,springtails ball angle, aya springtails.The individual number of dominant and common groups is 95.41% of the total,the remaining groups are rare groups,they constitute basic components of soil animals in road slope after artificial vegetation restoration.Distribution of soil animals in different aspect,the individual number of soil fauna:shady slope＞sunny slope;group:sunny slope＞shady slope.Upper layers of two slopes we get 25 categories,2597 soil animal,the lower access to 19 categories, 892 individual,the vertical distribution of soil animals in the table with a clear cohesion.Soil fauna richness in the shady slope lower than sunny slope,but dominance and difference is not too clear,sunny slope slightly below,evenness of the sunny slope thus slightly larger.Relatively speaking,sunny soil fauna's distribution are more even than shady slope,and diversity is higher.In soil fauna community dynamics,the shady slope in July have the lagest individual number,least in September,tend to rise in May;groups are in July＜September＜the second year in May.In sunny slope individual of soil fauna is rise,while the group is low.Comparison to the surrounding natural broad-leaved Korean pine mixed forest, the number of individuals:forest＞lower part of shady slope＞lower part of sunny slope＞upper part of sunny slope＞upper part of shady slope,the group number: lower part of sunny slope＞forest,upper part of sunny slope＞upper part of shady slope＞lower part of shady slop.Small and medium-sized groups of soil animals in the upper layer is lager than lower layer of soil.Dynamic of forest soil fauna individusl is not so consistent with characteristics of the two slopes,but changes in groups show growth trends,embodiys the micro-regional differences.About animal diversity characteristics,forest soil animal communities have relatively low dominance and high-uniformity,shows that the stability of communities is higher than two slopes.Diversity index should be higher than any different position of the sunny slope and shady slope,from that the forest soil fauna is very rich.From the correlation analysis between soil fauna and the environment in Jiaohe road ecosystem,there is no correlation relationship between the individual number of soil fauna and soil N,P,K elements,soil moisture,pH.but positive correlated with soil organic matter and correlated with groups of animals.Soil fauna group is not correlated with the soil pH and the entire P element content,but has obvious relevance with soil organic matter,total N elements and the soil moisture content,negative correlation with total K.