| Avian Influenza is an acute infectious disease caused by Avian Influenza Virus.It not only caused great damage in poultry enterprise repeatedly but also breakthrough interspecific barrier and left 200 dead more than 100 infected in the world.Research continues to show that waterfowl not only turned easily affected by AIV but also became a huge store and the source of AIV.At present, vaccine with whole inactivated virus and oil adjuvant is a important measures for the prevention and control of HPAI outbreaks and spread.But this vaccine has some deficits.Firstly,there is a long vacant period before forming effective antibody.Secondly,the excitation of oil adjuvant has a strong impact on quality of product.Consequently,it is imperative to seek a new adjuvant to replace oil adjuvant.The studies indicated that nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant has the highest hopes with the applications of Nanotechnology.however,the effect of specific immunity,nonspecific immunity,growing of immune organ and respiratory tract immunity of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) in duck is unknown.To the above question,in this experiment ducks were immunized with avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) to research:â‘ the effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on specif immunity in duck;â‘¡the effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on nonspecific immunity in duck;â‘¢the effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on growing of immune organ in duck;â‘£the effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on growing on respiratory tract immunity in duck.The purpose of this study was to provide theoretic foundation for the practical applications of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant and offer some references for the prevention of avian influenza.This experiment can be divided into the following parts:1.The effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on specif immunity in duck.108 ducklings whose antibodies were 0 in 10 days old were randomly allotted in 4 different treatments and immuned by intramuscular injection in leg in does of 0.5ml.The level of antibody was detected by HA and HI at 3,5,7,10,14,21,28,35 days after immune..The lymphocytes was determined on EAC and MTT at 7,21,35 days after immune.The results showed that:NAHA can significantly enhance the speed of the antibody response of body,the time emerging effective antibody of NAHA group advanced by 3 and 7 days compared to OE and AHA group respectively, the time to reach the highest antibody of NAHA group is less than OE 14 days.However,the duration of antibody of NAHA group is not durable as the OE.There is no obvious difference in Rosette forming rate(EAC) and transformation rate of lymphocytes(MTT) between NAHA group and other three groups(P>0.05).The result indicate that:Nanometer-aluminium hydroxide adjuvant could stimulate animals to produced effective protection antibody earlier.And it can stimulate Cellular Immunity in the early growth stage of duck.But it does not significantly provocative the cellular immune of the duck.2.The effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on nonspecific immunity in duck.68 ducklings were randomly allotted in 4 different treatments,the content of serum lysozyme and the cytophagic index of macrophage was determined on EAC and MTT at 7,21,35 days after immune.The results showed that:the cytophagic index of macrophage of NAHA group is obvious different compared with Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant group at 7 days after immune(P<0.05 )and not obvious different compared with other three groups at 21,35 days after immune.(P>0.05).;The content of serum lysozyme of NAHA group is obvious different compared with other three groups at 7 days after immune(P<0.05) and not obvious different compared with other three groups at 21,35 days after immune.(P > 0.05);The result indicate that: Nanometer-aluminium hydroxide adjuvant can not only increase the content of duck serum lysozyme and enhance the activity of macrophage in the early stage of the duck but also improve the capacity of non-specific immune. 3.The effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on growing of immune organ in duck.68 ducklings were randomly allotted in 4 different treatments.Ducks were killed after the body weighted,then Remove the thymus,spleen and bursa of fabricius and weighed them,then calculated the ratio of internal organs and body weight.The results showed that:The index of bursa of fabricius is obvious different compared with other three groups at 7 days after immune(P<0.05),The indexes of thymus and spleen are not obvious different compared with other three groups at 7 days after immune(P > 0.05);The indexes of these immune organ are not obvious different compared with other three groups at 21,35 days after immune(P>0.05).The result indicate that:to some extent, Nanometer-aluminium hydroxide adjuvant can promote the development of immune organs duck, especially the bursa of fabricius,base on this reason,it had the effects on enhancing immunity of duck.4.The effect of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide adjuvant(NAHA) on growing on respiratory tract immunity in duck.75 ducklings were randomly allotted in 3 different treatments.They were immunized via intranasal in 14 days in does of 0.5ml.Venous samplings were collected at3,5,7,10,14,21,28,35 days after immune.The level of antibody was detected by HA and HI.The results showed that:the antibody level of NAHA is significant compared to H5 and control group respectively at 7 days after immune(P<0.01);The levels of antibody of NAHA group and OE group reached a peak value respectively at 14 days after immune,the antibody level of NAHA is significant compared to H5 and control group respectively at 14 days after immune(P<0.01).The result indicate that:duck were immunized via intranasal with inactivated of avian H5N1 influenza virus vaccine and adjuvant nanoparticulated aluminum hydroxide could induce mucosal immune reaction,improve the local immunity effectively.
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