Microsatellite Markers Development And Genetic Diversity Research In Sand Lance(Ammodytes Personatus)

The sand lance,Ammodytes personatus Girard,a cold-temperate species,is widely distributed in the Bo Sea,the northern Yellow Sea,Korea Peninsula,Japan and the Russian Far East Sea.Partial genomic library was constructed in order to study the genetic structure of sand lance.From the primers designed for the 31 microsatellite loci,11 could amplify expected PCR products.This research adopt six microsatellite loci that separated out from the sand lance(Ape 104,Ape327,Ape341,Ape315,Ape302, Ape319).Five populations(Qingdao,Rebun Island,Fukuoka,Ishikari Bay and Aichi) were analysed.The main results as follows:1.Eleven loci showed high levels of polymorphism with allele numbers ranging from 8 to 24.Expected and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.818 to 0.965,and 0.441 to 0.886,respectively in a wild population consisting of 36 individuals.These highly polymorphic loci should be useful tools for population genetic study of A. personatus.2.In this study 124 alleles were detected from 6 microsatellite loci among five populations of sand lance.Alleles number ranged from 9 to 27;average alleles are 20.7 in every locus.While effective allele number ranged from 6.7 to 22.4;average effective alleles are 15.7 in every locus.3.It ranged from 0.555 to 0.783 of the genetic similarity indices,from 0.352 to 0.684 of the genetic distances among five populations of A.personatus.From five populations of A.personatus,the minimum of genetic similarity indices is 0.555 between Rebun Island and Aichi populations and the genetic distances is 0.684, proving the phylogenetic relationships of two populations relatively far.Genetic similarity index of populations of Ishikari Bay and Rebun Island is most greatly 0.783, and the genetic distance is 0.352,which infers that the phylogenetic relationships of two populations are nearer.Clusters analysis indicates five populations of A. personatus are divided into two groups.Populations of Aichi,Fukuoka and Qingdao are in a group,and populations of Rebun Island and Ishikari Bay are in another group.4.The average F_ST ranged from 0.0099 to 0.0206 among populations within the South group.The F_ST is 0.0078 between Ishikari Bay and Rebun Island populations. The F_ST is 0.0143 between the populations of the south group and the populations of the north group.The genetic differentiation was not significant.AMOVA revealed that 1.43%(F_CT) of the total variation corresponded to that between the south group and the north group,while that among populations within groups accounted for 1.39%. In sum,the differentiation among the five populations were still within the population level.