Effect Of Artificial Pasture On Soil And Water Loss On The Slope

Water and soil preserving function of planting grass on slope under natural rain condition was systematically studied. It studies correlative indices for selecting and verifying eminent grass whose effect of prevention and cure of water and soil loss is preferably good. The results showed:1. The effect of water and soil conservation: It was better that the artificial pasture than the grass of natural growth. The gramineae was better than that of leguminosae to provide test. The effect of dahuri wildrye grass and meadow brome on water and soil conservation was more obvious. And the meadow brome was more suitable for cultivation in the local.2. The meadow brome improved obviously the soil infiltration rate and reduced surface runoff. The capabilities of water conservation and soil conservation were 96.5% and 99.9%. The effects of gradient on daily surface runoff and yearly amount of surface runoff were not different significantly due to rainfall on bare slope, but the daily soil erosion amount and soil erosion modulus were different significantly. The effects of gradient on daily surface runoff, soil erosion amount, the capabilities of water conservation and biological characteristics were not different significantly on meadow brome, but the yearly amount of surface runoff and soil erosion modulus were different significantly.3. The effect of different planting densities of meadow brome was no different significantly on height. But the effect of that was significantly on coverage, and then the yearly amount of surface runoff and soil erosion modulus were different significantly. The more densities the more obvious of the effect of water and soil conservation were. The yearly runoff amount of the most densities was 8885.6 m~3/km~2, that was 5.6 of percent of least densities, the soil erosion modulus was 12.8 t/(km~2·a), that was 0.4 of percent of least densities.4. The densities and leaf area index between the two different treatments were not different significantly. The effect of height and coverage were obvious by mowing, but 50d could recover. And mowing would promote root growth. Mowing could reduce the soil infiltration rate and improved monthly surface runoff, but the effect of yearly runoff amount and soil erosion modulus were not different significantly.5. The primary factor of influencing surface runoff and soil erosion amount was rainfall at all components of rainfall. The most influential role of runoff coefficient was vegetation cover under the same Rainfall intensity, followed by the impact of slope.