| Broad-leaved Evergreens have good ecological and landscape benefits,they are the important plants in southern city of China;but the northern cities of China lack the broad-leaved evergreens,the winter landscape is relatively monotonous.As the requirements for the improvement of living environment,as well as the overall global warming trend,the introduction of cold hardy broad-leaved evergreens in the northern cold regions is feasible.And it is one of the most important tasks for garden plant workers in northern areas.This work will rich the biological diversity,and improve the urban ecological environmen.So,it has the great practical significance on the introduction of cold hardy broad-leaved evergreens.This study is according to the basic principles of plant introductions,methods and procedures,investigation and introduction analysis of the existing broad-leaved evergreens application status are made,and on the basis of refering to relevant literature and the analysis of introduced feasibility,finally the pilot program of introduction of broad-leaved evergreens are established in Beijing areas.Hoping to provide a reliable propagation techniques to the future needs of nursery stock.The purpose of this study achieved the following results:1.Through 2 consecutive years(2007～2008) of the broad-leaved evergreens cultivation research of Beijing in winter,there are 13 kinds of broad-leaved evergreens which are successful introduced and widely cultivated in Beijing area.. There are 12 kinds of broad-leaved evergreens which are being introduced or shortly cultivated in Beijing area.2.Morphological observation,phenology observations,the determination of growth, as well as the physiological and biochemical indexes during winter have been done to plastic greenhouse cultivation of seven broad-leaved evergreens:Camellia japonica,Camellia oleifera,Camellia japonica 'April Rose',Euonymus fortunei 'Emerald' n 'Gold',Euonymus fortunei 'Emerald Gaiety',Cotoneaster×suecicus 'Coral Beauty',Ilex×meserveae 'Blue Princess'.The study shows that:From November 2007 to March 2008,the overall change of water saturation deficit value,conductivity, bound water and free water ratio,superoxide dismutase(SOD),ascorbate peroxidase (AsA-POD),and soluble sugar content is firstly rise rapidly and then decline to a low level.It is basically the same with the literature conclusion.So they can be considered as the evaluation of several broad-leaved evergreens in cold hardy physiological indexes;however,peroxidase(POD),chlorophyll and malondialdehyde did not change significantly,so the cold tolerance of broad-leaved evergreens should also be judged by them.Water saturation deficit value has the close relationship with morphological changes.3.The study of breeding techniques has been done on the introduced seven broad-leaved evergreens.The results show that:the effect of different hormones are different on the broad-leaved evergreens.The experiment of hormone shows that:The effect of mixed hormone is the best choose,ABT which is developed currently by Academy of Forestry is made up of several traditional mixed-regulating hormone,No. 1 ABT has the best effect to woody plant rooting cuttings.The study also shows that, the principle of the choice for hormone concentration is:it is better to use low concentrations for long time or short period of time of a high concentration;for the results of the matrix study show that:it is better for Ilex×meserveae cuttings in the sand than in vermiculite,for the other six plants,the perfect cuttings matrix is in sand.The above-mentioned study of introduction and application of cold hardy broad-leaved evergreens in cold areas in Beijing on the basis of literature provide a valuable reference in theory and practice,the related issues are discussed and recommendations have been given,this study is not only an important reference for the practice,but also provide a valuable plant resources to Beijing area for the application of garden broad-leaved evergreens. |
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