The Regeneration System Of Yellow Nutsedge And The Polyploid Induction

The purpose of this study are Yellow Nutsedge about shoot tip culture, callus induction and plant regeneration, tissue culture browning in question, tissue culture transplant and management, colchicine induced polyploid etc. Set up in vitro culture systems of Yellow Nutsedge, including Yellow Nutsedge disinfection, access to the no vaccine plant, the choice of explants, the best mode of medium and cultivate selection, transplanting rooted, management and the cultivation of Yellow Nutsedge, callus induction and morphological observations, optimal conditions for colchicine induced and the identification of polyploid; and major findings are as follows:1. Yellow Nutsedge regeneration system to set up from the sterile culture of stem segments, leaves as explants, by different hormones, different forms of culture as compared to filter tip induction, root development, the best callus induction medium; by different explants, to explore the best callus induction materials; by adding different browning inhibitors, selection of different culture methods to reduce the inhibition Yellow Nutsedge tissue culture the incidence of browning. The experimental results show that: explants with 70% alcohol immersion 1min, then 10% NaCIO soak 40min, or by 0.2% mercuric chloride immersion 40min, the final sterile water rinse 5 times more than obtained by the best disinfectant;Callus induction and subsequent shoot bud differentiation were achieved from the basical of stem explants on two modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (containing 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D,1.0mg/L KT, 0.5 mg/L 6BA,0.5mg/L NAA,600-800mg/L CH and 4g/L PVP). Explants were cultivated under dark or light conditions to induce callus formation. 1/2MS supplemented with 0.2mg/L IBA is for rooting. Regenerated plants were easily acclimated in greenhouse conditions, and tuberous roots originated after 5 months in greenhouse conditions.2. After harvest tubers, even in conditions not suitable for normal germination, stored at 4℃after 1-2 weeks before germination. Because there is dormant in the winter situation, the alternate storage at different temperatures, in a certain range can contribute to the lifting of dormant tubers.3. Artificial colchicine-induced polyploid are the main chemical substances for the treatment of plant material and a lot of treatment methods, one of the seeds to mature chromosome doubling for the materials are the most commonly used method. In recent years, with plant tissue culture technology development and improvement of organizations make use of in vitro chromosome doubling method for inducing polyploidy in plants has been much success. And to make use of tissue culture in vitro chromosome doubling organizations, first of all want to establish a highly efficient regeneration system of tissue culture. Yellow Nutsedge polyploid induction use 0.2% colchicine aqueous solution to immersion tip Yellow Nutsedge for 48h can be obtain the ideal induction rate and survival rate, the induction rate was 43.7%, survival rate was 44.4%. Yellow Nutsedg Stomatal were observed compared with the polyploidy, polyploid compared to a decrease of Stomatal length of 5.83 %, a decrease of 12.7% in width, but Stomatal density has increased by 24.1%. Stomatal guard cell chloroplasts number within a 63% increase. Stomatal size and density can be used as a reliable identification of polyploid.