A Study On Parameters Of Rational Fertilization For Soybean In Heilongjiang

Parameters of rational fertilization on soybean was studied through four treatments as optimize fertilizer application, N0(non-nitrogenous fertilizer ),P0(non-phosphate fertilizer),K0(non-potash fertilizer), based on investigating application of fertilizer and yield of soybean in major soybean producing areas in Heilongjiang Provence. Indigenous nutrient supplying capacity of soil and the amount of nutrient uptake of 100-kg grains were determined. Soil nutrient utilization and fertilizer utilization efficiency were calculated. The aim of this study was to offer theory basis for rational fertilizeation for soybean in Heilongjiang Provence. The chief results are as following.(1)Fertilizer application on soybean and yield in Heilongjiang Provence were made out through investigation. The average amount of N, P and K application rates were 51kg/hm2, 62kg/hm2 and 33kg/hm2 respectively.. Organic fertilizer was seldom applied; there was hardly stalk returning field except soybean stubbles remained in the field. The soil nutrients of major soybean producing areas in Heilongjiang Provence was followed: the average amount of available N was 165.8mg/kg, the soil organic matter was 33.8g/kg; available P was 43.8mg/kg; available K was 140.5mg/kg; pH was 4.9-8.7. The content of P in soil was abundant and the amount of P application was high through investigation and soil testing.(2) The results also showed the application of N, P and K could increase soybean yield and its factors. The yield of soybean was increased by 9.48% under application of N, 12.46% under application of P and 17.12% under application of K, and 100-seed weight, pods per plant and seeds per plant were also increased by application of N, P and K.(3) Nutrients uptake of 100-kg grain of soybean was as follows: the average N uptake of 100-kg grain was 6.92kg, P2O5 was 1.73kg; K2O was 2.72kg. The ration of N, P and K in 100-kg grain of soybean was 4 : 1 : 1.6. The average of soil supplying N was 154 kg/hm2; the average of soil supplying P was 37.6 kg/hm2; the average of soil supplying K was 56.71kg/hm2. The ration of N, P and K uptake of soybean was 4 : 1 : 1.5(4) N rectified coefficient of the soil was between 0.29-0.54; P rectified coefficient of the soil was between 0.11-0.60; K rectified coefficient of the soil was between 0.06-0.23, the utilization efficiency of available K was low. N utilization efficiency was 28.61%; P utilization efficiency was 14.64%; K utilization efficiency was 30.16%, P utilization efficiency was lower than that of N and K.