Studies On Effects Of Five Apple Rootstocks In Replant Soil

This article was studied in Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong key lab for fruit by biology, root system lab, between 2007 ~ 2009. In this research, five apple rootstocks were chosen—Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) Roem. M.micromalus Makino., Malus hupehensis Rehd. Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh. and Malus micromalus as materials, by pot experiment, and studied the effects of the physiological and biochemical indexes, plant morphology in the replant soil treatment. The main results are as follows:1. Compared to the non-replant soil treatment, the root respiration rate of the five apple rootstocks fell in the replant soil. The decreased range of Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum, and the rate of Malus hupehensis Rehd. dropped 15.23% only; M.micromalus Makino. was the maximum, and the rate of it dropped 28.56%.2. The antioxidant enzyme activities of the apple rootstock and the content of MDA in root were raised. The SOD, POD and CAT of Malus hupehensis Rehd. decreased respectively 3.72%, 26.60% and 23.78%; the content of MDA in root were raised. The decreased range of Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum, and the content of it dropped 15.24 % only; the range of M.micromalus Makino. was the maximum, and it dropped 54.56%.3. The PPO, PAL, Chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase of root in the replant soil were higher than that in the non-replant soil. The PPO increased range of Malus hupehensis Rehd. of root was the minimum, and the PPO activity of Malus hupehensis Rehd. raised 31.69% only; The PAL increased range of the five apple rootstocks was respectively Malus hupehensis Rehd., Malus baccata (Linn.) Borkh., M.micromalus Makino., Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) Roem. and Malus micromalus form minimum to maximum; The Chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase of Malus hupehensis Rehd. were the minimum, and the Chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase activities of Malus hupehensis Rehd. increased respectively 7.54% and 10.63% only.4. Compared to the non-replant soil treatment, the content of the total phenols in the replant soil was the maximum. The content of benzoic acid and phloridzin of soil in the Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum. The content of the cinnamic acid in the M.micromalus Makino. soil was the lowest, the next was in the Malus hupehensis Rehd. soil. They were 0.00336μg/g (soil) and 0.00400μg/g (soil).5. The replant soil treatment reduced the Pn and the contents of chlorophylla, chlorophyllb and carotenoid of the same apple rootstocks, compared to the non-replant soil treatment. The decreased range of Pn in the Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum, dropped 7.06%; The decreased range of the chlorophylla and carotenoid of the Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum., and dropped respectively 9.15% and 8.17%.6. The variations of the physiological and biochemical indexes were effected in the replant soil, and it showed that the biomass, plant height and ground diameter of five rootstocks in replant soil were reduced. Relative to fresh weight, the decreased range of Malus hupehensis Rehd. was the minimum, and the fresh weight of it dropped 4.00% only, the M.micromalus Makino. was the maximum, and the fresh weight of it dropped 53.54%; the dry weight decreased range of M.micromalus Makino. was the minimum, and the dry weight of it dropped 35.44% only, the rest all exceeded 50%; the decreased range of plant height and ground diameter of Malus hupehensis Rehd. was also the minimum, and dropped respectively 46.24% and 29.94%.