Studies On Morphology, Biology And Sexual Gland Extract For Population Monitoring Of Maruca Vitrata (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

The legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, is an important tropical and subtropical legumes vegetable pest. Host plants are cowpeas, lentils, peas, mung beans, kidney beans, soybeans and other Papilionaceae crops, cowpea and hyacinth bean are especially serious. In this paper, the biology, morphology of three regions legume pod borer populations in Beijing, Hubei and Guangdong, and the success of the preparation of artificial diet based on laboratory populations of legume pod borer. The mature female virgin female moth gland extracts can be used to monitor the population dynamics of the field.1. Comparative studies of Legume pod borer biology and morphological in three geographical population,Three legume pod borer geographical populations larvae had been collect in Beijing, Hubei and Guangdong, and feeding larvae carefully in the laboratory. The biology, morphology of three population legume pod borers had been comparative analysis. There were significant difference between Beijing legume pod borer population mature larvae body length (16.04 mm), the mature larvae body weight (0.069g), pupa length (13.04 mm), pupa width (3.51mm), pupa weight (0.049g) and legume pod borer Hubei, Guangdong, the two geographic populations mature larvae body length (13.14mm, 13.74mm), the larvae mature body weight (0.061g, 0.058g), pupa long (12.16mm, 12.38mm), pupa width (3.09mm, 3.20mm), pupa weight (0.040g, 0.041g), there was no significant differences other morphological.In addition, there were not significant differences in egg duration, hatching rate of three populations. There were not significant differences in larvae development, larvae total duration. In adults, there were not significant differences in longevity and fecundity.2. The preparation an artificial diet of Legume pod borer and the effects of artificial diet to legume pod borer growth and developmentDevelopment and reproduction of the legume pod borer on an artificial diet were investigated using natural cowpea flowers and pods as the control. There were no significant differences in total larval developmental period between artificial-diet group and control group. The survival of the first and second instar larvae of legume pod borer that fed on artificial-diet are lower than control, but after third instar stage, its survival are higher than control. The artificial-diet group had an emergence rate of 96.72% and 96.47% in the first and third generation, respectively, which was slightly higher than that of the control group (94.41%). Ovipositing substrates had no significant effect on fecundity, but egg period was shorter on the cowpea leaf than on the filter paper and the flannel, hatching rate was higher than the later two. These results suggested that the artificial-diet could also well meet the nutritional need of legume pod borer for growth and development.3. The monitor population dynamics used gland extracts of mature female virgin female moth trapping in the field.The gland extracts of legume pod borer female moth has been used to monitor population dynamics from 25 July to 5 October in Cihui farms Wuhan City of Hubei Province. At same time, some field investigation has been conduct in same region. The purpose of field investigation was to test and verify results of female moths sexual gland extracts monitor trapping population dynamics. The experimental results show that there was an obvious regularity in population dynamics by female moths gland extracts trapping, three trapping peaks has been observe in during the experiment. The time of trapping peaks were consistent with the field investigation of larvae.