| Through setting different furrow and ridge tillage coverage patterns, systematic analysis of different treatments'effect on soil moisture, nutrients and wheat growth and development under micro-catchment cultivation in Weibei dry plateau,The results of the study have some important theoretical and practical significance to improve and optimize the sub-humid areas crop micro-catchment cultivation.Two-year experiment resulted in the following preliminary conclusions:1.Through analyzing the whole bearing period variation of average soil water content in the depth of 0~200 cm under different treatments, Micro-catchment technique can significantly improve the water status of 0~40cm soil layer before the jointing stage,and can make the crops more efficient use of deep soil moisture in the late growth of wheat. Two-year average soil moisture of the treatment of plastic film and different materials dual-mulching increased by 1.45%, which is compared with the the treatment of black liquid film and different materials dual-mulching in the depth of 0~200cm.The treatment of film (plastic film or black liquid film) and straw dual-mulching have more obvious effect of preserving soil moisture than the treatment of film(plastic film or black liquid film) and black liquid film dual-mulching and the treatment of only film mulch on ridges in the early growth of wheat,in the late growth,thesoil moisture had little difference in these treatments.The treatment plastic film and straw dual-mulching have more obvious effect of preserving soil moisture than the other treatments, Two-year average soil moisture of Tillering stage,Jointing stage,Heading stage of the treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching increased by 3.41%(P<0.05),12.62%(P<0.05)and 9.94%(P<0.05)respectively,which was compared with CK(no covered on ridges and in channels).2.The soil envionment changes under Micro-catchment cultivation technique,which had impacts on the development of wheat , The heights and dry matter accumulation of wintter wheat of different treatments were higher than CK throughout the growth stages of wheat. The heights and dry matter accumulation of the treatment of plastic film and different materials dual-mulching increased by 4.77% and 29.13% respectively,. which is compared with CK. The heights and dry matter accumulation of the treatment of black liquid film and different materials dual-mulching increased by 1.40% and 15.48% respectively, which was compared with CK in Maturity stage in 2007~2008. The heights and dry matter accumulation of the treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching(DM+JG)were highest and increased by 22.51%(P<0.05)and 39.40%(P<0.05) respectively, which was compared with CK. The heights and dry matter accumulation of the treatment of black liquid film and black liquid film dual-mulching(YM+YM)were lowest and increased by 3.04%and 7.21% respectively, which was compared with CK in Maturity stage in 2008~2009.3.The yields of wheat were significantly increased by micro-catchment cultivation,The increasing range of two-year average yield of different treatments was between 24.73%~40.56%, which was compared with CK.The yield of the treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching(DM+JG)was highest and were increased 40.56% compared with that of CK. The second highest was the treatment of black liquid film and straw dual-mulching(YM+JG),which increased 34.92% compared with that of CK,the lowest was the treatment of black liquid film and black liquid film dual-mulching(YM+YM),which increased 24.73% compared with that of CK.4.Micro-catchment cultivation technique can increase WUE.The WUE of different treatments were higher than CK, The WUE of the treatment of plastic film and straw dual-mulching(DM+JG)was highest and were increased 32.34% compared with that of CK. The second highest was the treatment of plastic film and black liquid film dual-mulching(DM+YM),which increased 27.36% compared with that of CK,Under these treatments: only black liquid film mulch on ridges(YM+BU), only plastic film mulch on ridges(DM+BU), black liquid film and straw dual-mulching(YM+JG),black liquid film and black liquid film dual-mulching(YM+YM),the WUE were increased most significantly compared with the WUE of CK.The increase rate was 17.61%,21.96%,24.84% and 17.89% respectively.5.The nutrient content of different treatments was reduced with the soil layer deeper in soil layer 0~60cm,the difference of available nutrient was larger than the difference of total nutrients.The two-years'average contents of organic matter increased 0.03%-6.71% compared with that of CK in 0-20cm soil layer by micro-catchment cultivation,The total soil nutrient contents(N,P and K) increased 0.66%-14.65% compared with that of CK, The content of available K increased 3.05%-12.48%(P<0.05)compared with that of CK, The contents of available N and available P had significant difference with CK.6. Micro-catchment cultivation technique can improve soil enzyme activities, Soil urease, catalase, invertase and phosphatase were most active within 0~20cm soil depth, and the activity was gradually reduced with the soil layer deeper.The activity of catalase and invertase were higher than the that of CK,and had no significant difference with CK. The increase rate of the activities of catalase and invertase were 0.09%-0.58% and 5.95%-11.29% respectively.Urease and phosphatase did not change significantly compared with CK.
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