| The purpose of this study is to explore canopy characteristics and yield traits of different genotypes soybean. canopy temperature was continuously observed using infrared radiation thermometer after flowering in field. While the upper-middle leaf physiological traits, biological yield, plant type traits and the level of yield of all varieties and agronomic characters were observed, results showed that:1 The tested soybean cultivars show the differentiation under the same ecology and cultivation conditions. Compared with the CK Qindou8, the canopy temperature of Fendou55 and Ji nf58 varieties keep the low level belongs to cold-type soybeans.94101and Dongda2 Pesented with persistent high level which belong to warm-type soybean.Zhonghuang13 showed cold type after a short warm period, and from the pod setting to filling stages sustained the low canopy temperature, close to the cold-type.2. There rae significantly different on the middle-upper leaves soybean physiological characteristics between different temperatures. After R3 the function of the cold type soybean upper-middle leaf net photosynthetic rate and longer duration, greater intensity of transpiration rate, stomatal opening, slow dissolution of high chlorophyll content, soluble Potein decreased slowly with growing , higher soluble sugar content.That show cold soybean varieties physiological metabolic activity, not Pemature,can maintain a higher intensity of photosynthesis in late growth stage. so as to Povide a strong grain filling material flow, which will help yield.3. Compact plant cold type soybean, upper leaf angle smaller, middle petiole length, under the conditions in the lower middle class in a group situation is superior by light, reasonable allocation of a conflict between groups and individuals, give full play to the advantage of middle-lower pod. Warm type soybean of mutual shading , bad situation by light, photosynthesis blocked, the supply of poor nutrition, led to the withering of the level drop pods, reducing yield potential.4. At the late growth stage of the Pocess of soybean biomass accumulation, stem and leaf growth is relatively stable,pods increase rapidly .In this Pocess cold-type soybean performance as "source strength", "sink full",which cause the pods filling faster than warm type. Especially in the middle level, the quantity of pods were more than warm soybean. 5.The agronomic traits of soybean has a very close relationship with the yield, the most important trait is the pods number per plant, the correlation coefficient up to r= 0.792*, second, the main node numbers, the correlation coefficient was r = 0.388,. third, the stem diameter and hundred weight, the correlation coefficient were 0.25 and 0.172 respectively. The bottom pod height shows little effection to the yield, the correlation coefficient was r = 0.099. Number of branches and plant height was negatively correlated with yield and its coefficient were r =- 0.587 and r=- 0.27 respectively..6. Different genotype of soybean causes significant differences level yield . As middle level, Zhonghuang 13 is the highest. As a single plant, Ji nf58 is the highest. Between cold types, middle level higher than the the upper level, shows good plant type. Whereas warm type is on the contrast way to the cold type. The upper level yield is higher. Therefore, in Pactice, should take into account the Poduction of middle level , give full play to the potential of the whole canopy pod to achieve the high yield.
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