Spatial-temporal Pattern And Process Of Acer Mono Regeneration In The Mixed Broadleaved-Korean Pine Forest In Xiaoxing'an Mountains, China

An experiment was conducted from 2005 to 2009 at Liangshui Natural Reserve Area in order to find out dispersal process, seedling regeneration pattern of living and dead stems of Acer mono in a large permanent plot (9 hm2,300 m×300 m) of a typical mixed broadleaved-Korean pine forest in Xiaoxing'an Mountains. Conclusions as follows:(1)The intensity of seed rain for Acer mono had a great inter annual variation, we have collect most seeds in 2009 and the least in 2007(26.8±75.4), (3.8±8.9) inds·m-2 respectively. (2) Seasonal dynamics of the seed rain were significant. The seed rain lasted form May to November. (3) Before and after germination most of seeds decayed (83.5% and 54.7%), mature effective seeds merely account for 4.3 and 2%. The seed bank density decreased with the soil depth increased. (4) Most of one-year-old seedling appeared between June and July. And the death of one-year-old seedling was most happened in winter to early spring. (5) The spatial heterogeneity of the seed rain and one-year-old seedling varied among years, and it was positively correlated to the intensity of seed rain and one-year-old seedling. (6) The number of Acer mono decreased as the increase of age-class, the density of perennial seedling, sapling and living stem were 452 N/hm2,291 N/hm2,179 N/hm2 respectively. (7) Perennial seedling and sapling clumped within the scale of<150m. Patterns of living stems changed from clumped to uniform distribution with the increase of the scale. Dead stems showed random in any scales within the scale of<150m. (8) A x2-test showed that topography significantly affected density of Acer mono but dead stems. Perennial seedling, living stems and dead stems were liked to occur on the ridge, north slope was the main aspect for seedling and sapling, Acer mono with different stage of development were appeared at the slope degree of 16°～25°and >25°. (9) The density of Acer mono with different stage of development shows significantly different in non-gap and gap (p<0.05), and was higher in non-gap than gap.