The Effect Of The Fertilizer And Planting Density On The Activity Of Key Enzyme Involved In Carbon And Nitrogen Metabolism, Grain Yield And Quality

Rice is one of the most important crops. The yield of rice is affected by the environment conditions. The varieties and cultivation techniques play a decisive role in rice yield and quality.The current cultivation technologies are mainly investigated to coordinate the density and fertilizer on the yield and quality formation process. However, the report in the construction of effective is lack. Therefore, it is essential to discuss in-depth for fertilizer and density measures on rice yield, quality and physiological and biochemical responses in rice growth.In this experimental, super rice variety Songjing 9, Longdao 5 and high-quality rice varieties, Wuyoudao 1 were used to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on yield and quality in rice. Furthermore, we analyzed rice growth and development and the key enzymes involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism during grain filling process under different fertilizer and density. The results are as follows:Under the same fertility (high fertility) conditions, the order of plant height for Songjing 9 and Wuyoudao 1 was M11 (36 cm×15 cm)>M9 (30 cm×15 cm)>M8 (26 cm×15 cm). Under the same fertility (M9) conditions, plant height with high fertilizer was higher than with high fertilizer. The effect of Different planting densities on the Length in functional leaf is similar in three varieties, with the order of M11>M9>M8. For Songjing 9, the width of the functional leaves under M11 density conditions is greater under than under the other two densities. The planting density was of no significant difference in the width of function leaves for Wuyoudao 1 and Longdao 5.The widths of function leaves in Longdao 5 were of no significant difference under different fertility. In contrast, The width of function leaves in Songjing 9 and Wuyoudao 1 under high fertility conditions is high than under low fertility conditions. The effect of density and fertility on the change of Leaf age was consistency. With the increase in the time of rice growth, leaf age showed increased gradually. The effect of Planting densities and fertilizer levels on the number of stem is consistent, followed by M11>M9>M8; High fertilizer area>low fertilizer area. The length of young spike under low fertilizer was shorter than under high fertilizer. The length of young spike under low fertilizer was greater than 0.5 and the length of young spike under low fertilizer was about 0.2cm.The effect of Planting densities and fertilizer levels of Songjing 9 on protease activity of Songjing 9 was the same and protease activity increased gradually with the filling process.For Wuyoudao 1, the effect of planting densities and fertilizer levels on protease activity was different. The activity of protease under M11 conditions were decreased during grain filling. The activity of protease under M8 and M 9 conditions increased first then decreased during grain filling. The effect of fertilizer levels of Songjing 9 on protease activity was consistent and the activity of protease increased during grain filling. For Wuyoudao 1, the effect of fertilizer levels on protease activity was different. The activity of protease under high fertilizer conditions increased first then decreased during grain filling. However, the activity of protease under low fertilizer conditions decreased during grain filling. The effect of planting densities and fertilizer levels on the glutamine synthetase, soluble starch synthesis was consistent and synthetase activity increased first then decreased during grain filling.The activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase under M11 conditions increased first then decreased during grain filling. The activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase under M8 conditions decreased first then increased during grain filling. The activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase under high fertilizer decreased first then increased during grain filling. The activity of ADPG pyrophosphorylase under low fertilizer decreased first then increased during grain filling.With the increase of planting density and fertilizer, the yield and taste meter value increased. The percentage rate of Brown rice and milled rice were no different under different treatment. Sparse planting improved grain weight per plant, but the population was declined on low planting density. The yield per plant under deferent planting density on materials has shown a significant difference in tested varieties. The results showed that:for Wuyoudao 1, the theoretical and actual yield under M11 condition was highest in 3 varieties and has a significant difference with under M9 condition. For Songjing 9, the theoretical and actual yield under M9 condition was highest in 3 varieties and has a significant difference with under M11 condition.