| Watermelon riches in multiple of vitimins and useful materials that are good to human body. Furthermore, watermelon is also one important economic crop worldwide which plays a significant role in farmers'income through watermelon produce. However, watermelon gentic basis is narrow which leads to poor progress in breeding and mess in cultivating cultivars. Therefore, to farmilar with the watermelon genetic diversity and morphological traits is the basis of solving those problem. So, 96 watermelon from different ecotype were employed to reveal their genetic diversity and morphological characters based on SSR markers. The results were demonstrated as follows:1.The morphological traits revealed the variance coefficent on watermelon aroma reached 1.29. The variance on plot yield was 0.36. Among them, the yield of Russia type reached the top place with 72.66kg on average; The yield of Southern type watermelon was the lowest with average of 61.24kg.2.According to the dendrogram based on 21 morphological traits over 96 watermelon germplasm, the average genetic distance was 1.37±0.41. The genetic distance between Jingfengbao and Fengshou2 was the narrowest with 0.04, while 3.7 between Wild type and X8 .3. 38 of 398 SSR primers generated a total of 7043 bands, 826 (11.7%) of which were polymorphic with 21.74 polymorphic bands per primer on average.4. Jaccard's similarity coefficient ranged from 0.42 to 0.99 which was calculated by SSR marker.The genetic relationship between the wild type and cultivated type was broad whereas the Northern type, Southern type and Northwestern type was close in cultivar.5. The 96 watermelon genotypes were classified into 7 groups on the basis of SSR markers.
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