The Aboveground Matter Accumulation And Nutrient Uptake Of 3 Vegetables And Soil Nutrient Runoff-leaching As Affected By Different Fertilization Systems

This research chooses the representative arid plain production base of vegetables of Yueyang Junshan District in Hunan Province as the object of the study, through a field located experiment and a plot experiment, has studied the law of runoff leaching of nutrient N and P and it's influenced factors under the different vegetables and different fertilization conditions. Through the field plot experiment, studied the nutrition need of various vegetables and the dynamic trend law of available nutrient in soil under different fertilization condition. All these were finally aimed to provide the scientific basis for formulating the science application technology and preventing the non-point source pollution of vegetable ecosystem and protecting agriculture ecological environment, achieves the aim of. "the decrement efficiency" and the few emissions goal. The results were as below:(1) Field plot experiment of three kinds of vegetables showed that the cabbage and Chinese cabbage absorb the nutrients mainly in the middle and the later growth period. The nutrients of nitrogen,, phosphorus and potassium were absorbed by the eggplant mainly in the bearing fruit time. Each kind of vegetables absorb the amount of nitrogen and potassium are far higher than the amount of phosphorus, N, P and K nutrient uptake capacity and nutrient recovery rate and yield of vegetables of the combined application of various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers are higher than that of the local custom treatment and the pure chemical fertilizer treatment.(2) Available nutrient data analysis of dynamic soil sample of eggplant in their growth period showed:The available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium nutrient content in the vegetable soil are during the dynamic change. The changed rule of various nutrients and various fertilizer applications is different. Chemical fertilizer play a certain role to enhance the soil the available nutrients content, especially in the earlier growth period of eggplant, but in the later growth period of eggplant, the nutrient content of the combined application of various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers are higher than that of the local custom treatment and the pure chemical fertilizer treatment.(3) The field located experiment showed that runoff leaching of various nutrients of the hot pepper is obviously higher than that of the pumpkin place, it is related to the location custom of application. Fertilizer quantity of hot pepper is higher than that of the pumpkin by far. It is showed that the quantity of fertilizer is more and leaching out is more. In the field plot experiment, no matter how the runoff of spring and summer, the fall and the winter, various organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers are fewer than that of the local custom treatment and the pure chemical fertilizer treatment in the earlier growth period of vegetables. But it is exactly opposite in the later growth period of vegetables. Nutrient quantity of leaching out of the spring and the summer is higher than that of the fall and the winter in vegetable soils.The runoff experiment showed that N, P nutrient density into water, agriculture environmental pollution degree is not only related with the application amount but also with the local fertilization structure, fertilization time, fertilization way, production season and agricultural tillage controlling measures at the same time.