| Human hemoglobin is consisted of two alpha-like and beta-like globin chains, which are coded by alpha-like and beta-like globin genes respectively. Alpha-like globin gene is located on chromosome 16 while beta is on ii. From 5'to 3'end they are ranged according to ζ-α 1-α 2-θ on chromosome 16 and ε-G γ-A γ-δ-β-ε on 11. Human globin genes express stage and location-specific according their order on chromosome. At any given time there is only one or one mainly gene expressed for both alpha and beta-like genes. Genes express abnormally when there are mutations in them, which even interfere with others linked. Thalassemia is a disease happen in chiladhood, which is led by a mutation in globin genes. According to genes mutated they are named alpha, beta, delta beta, and gamma delta beta-thalassemia. It is more easy to be met around mediterranean sea, east Asia, west Africa and southern China. It's very harmful to children's health. So we think it is necessary to set up a method to measure globin mRNA. Perhaps a new way may be found to cure these diseases. Furthermore it is also needed in studing the modulation of genes expression using globin genes for the sake of their specific expression model. It's necessary to study human globin expression in order to learn the nosogenesis of variety globin genes mutations and the modulation of globin genes expression switching. Any mutation in a gene will effect its expression efficiency, its mRNA stability, and its coding function, fourthermore interfere with the other genes linked. By?studying all functional globin genes transcription levels, the mechanism of these disease maybe illuminated and a new way may be found to cure them. In studing the modulation of globin genes expression it's also needed to quantity their mRNA. Several genes had been measured at one time in the previous studys, but it is not enough to screen various kinds of mutations in a large scale. Our purpose is to set up a method to detect 7 kinds of mRNA at one time by RT-PCR. In this study we successfully optimised the methods of reticulocytes isolation and RNA extraction, and set up a RT-PCR methods for measuring 7 kinds of globin mRNA with the help of software Scion Image. By limiting the parameters of primer, and PCR composition, temperatures, cycles et al, we can measure all 7 kinds of mRNA at same PCR condition. We measured 7 mRNA, HbF and HbA2 of cord bloods, 6 months old infants and adults peripheral blood, 5 each. The results show the quantity of both gamma and epsilon mRNA decreasing gradually with their age increasing, namely, α/γ-m RNA and α/ε-m RNA are 0.54 and 1.42 for cord bloods, 0.87 and 1.76 for infants, 1.05 and 2.36 for adults separately. They coincide with the laws of globin genes switvhing. The pattern of α/γ -mRNA variety is just like HbF's. Then we studied the peripheral blood of 7 thalassemia patients among which four is beta, two are alpha-thalassemia and one is alpha plus beta-thalassemia. The results are very different from normal's, but coincide with their genotype. In beta plus thalasemia, α/β -mRNA decreases less than beta zero. But in two patiens with alpha-thalasseinia 1 mutation, their α/β-mRNA increase remarkerly, with -mRNA -mRNA RT-PCR products detected. All met with the results anticipated.. But in 5 negtive contral no products were detected. The method we set up here is preliminery demonstried more efficient,...
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