| INTRODUCTION Zanthoxylum seed is the seed of Zanthoxylumbungeanum Maxim., which is a portion abandoned in process of becoming to the drug. Zanthoxylum seed oil (ZSO) is volatile oil extracted from Zanthoxylum seed, mainly including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as alpha-lmolenic acid (ALA)^ alpha-lmoleic acid> oleic acid. It has been reported that ZSO had effect on asthma patients by Pan Jinyou et al, but the mechanism of anti-asthmatic effect has been unknown. We think that the ALA, the composition of ZSO may participate the PUFAs metabolism and affect arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. The main production of lipoxygenase pathway in AA metabolism are leukotnenes (LTs) . LTs are important mediators, especially 4 series of LTs (LTB4, LTC4, LTD4). Many inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils, mast cells, neutrophils may release LTs and produce a series of allergic response in various agent induced. We attempt to explore the mechanism of AA metoblism through studying the effect of ZSO on mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils.AIM: To explore the effect of ZSO on eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and peripheral blood in mice in vivo, peritoneal mast cells in rats in vitro and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in rats in vitro andanalysis the mechanism. METHODS1. To observe the effect of ZSO on eosinophils accumulation in BALF and peripheral blood in the ovalbumin-sensitized mice after challenged with antigen in vivo.2. To observe the effect of ZSO on peritoneal mast cells granulation in the ovalbumin-sensitized rats after challenged with antigen in vitro3. To determine the effect of ZSO and ZSO serum on slow reaction substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) production in rats PMNs with bioassay.4. To determine the effect of ZSO on LTB4 production in rats PMNs with High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in vitro.5. To determine the effect of ZSO on LTC4 production in rats PMNs with EL1SA in vitro.RESULTS1. Effect of ZSO on leukocytes in BALF in the ovalbumin-sensitized miceafter challenged with antigen:The number of leukocytes (7.51 ?.58 X 10* ,/L) and the ratio of eosinophils (61.52 ?18.72 %) in the model group in BALF in the ovalbumin-sensitized mice after challenged with antigen was 7.5 times and 150 times higher than the control group (leukocytes: 0.95?.27X 10S/L, the ratio of eosinophils: 0.41 ?.24%) respectively (P < 0.001), but the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes (38.48+18.72 %) were less (P < 0.001). The ratio of neutrophils was so less that it had no calculation (< 5%). The number of leukocytes) 1.02 ?.48 X108/L) and the ratio of eosinophils (23.51 ?3.53%) in BALF in dexamethason 2 mg/kg ig group were decreased, but the ratio of lymphocytes and monocytes were increased. The number of leukocytes in BALF in ZSO 2, 4, 8 g/kg groups were 6.90?.72 X 108/L, 4.94?.01 X 10* /L, 4.54 + 2.34X 10*/L. Compared with the model group, it decreased 8.12 %. 34.22 %(P < 0.05), 39.54 %( P < 0.05) respectively. It also reduced the ratio of eosmophils in BALF, the ratio were 42.10?12.95 %, 44.33?11.40 %, 38.80 ?6.06 ç™° respectively. It decreased 31.49 %(P < 0.05), 27.86 %(/' < 0.05). 36.86 %(!' < 0.05), but it had not dose-effect relationship. 2 s Effect of ZSO on leukocytes in peripheral blood in the ovalbumin-sensitized mice after challenged with antigen:The ratio of eosinophils in the model group (2.69?.55 % ) in peripheral blood in the ovalbumin-sensitized mice after challenged with antigen was 5.38 times higher than the control group (0.50 ?.21 %), the ratio of neutrophils and lymphocytes and monocytes had no significantly effect. The ratio of eosinophils in ZSO 2v 4> 8 g/kg and dexamethason 2 mg/kg ig were 0.62 + 0.87 %. 0.33 + 0.66 %, 0.45?.51 %, 0.29?.63 %, it markedly inhibited the ratio of eosinophils in peripheral blood. Compared with the control group, it decreased 77.95 % (P > 0.05), 87.73 % (P < 0.05), 83.27 % (P 0.05), 89.22 %(7><0.01),3. Effect of ZSO on peritoneal mast cells granulation in the ovalbumin-sensitiz...
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