| Primary hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in our country and some region of Asia and Africa . The patients are often in advanced stage while found due to low early diagnostic rate and rapid progression of the disease. There is no very effective measure of treatment though people have been exploring all the time. People pay attention to the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma and sex hormone from seventy's . It has been reported that oral concepative medicine can cause liver tumor, liver carcinoma developes after usage of androgen. hepatocellular carcinoma consists of male patient mostly, and so on. It was found that many hormone can improve the growth of tumor in many animal model, and androgen can accelerate the transition from proliferative nodule induced chemically to malignant tumor. These data indicated that sex hormone may be correlated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sex hormone takes effect through its receptor. Recent studies have found that there are some reliability to sex hormone in some tumors of non-sexhormone target tissue. With further study, we can explain this phenomenon now in molecular level. In recent years.there are many reports on the research of relationship between sex hormone receptor and hepatocellular carcinoma . most of which think that hepatocellular carcinoma is correlated with expression of AR and ER. So it is postulated that antisexual hormone treatment may be effective for HCC patients. But these reports mainly came from abroad, and derived from animal experiment. It is controversial so far because of different race and experimental measure and some may be in converse. There are many liver cancer patients in our country . but research on this field is not much so far.In this study \ve took 50 specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma, using immunohistochemical method to detect the expression of AR and ER in tumor tissue and surrounding tissue and normal liver tissue. Combined with clinical material, we try to explore the relationship between ER. AR and development and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, to supply the theoretical basis on endocrine treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.Material and MethodsPatients: Paraffin embedded specimens from 50 patients who underwent operation for hepatocellular carcinoma in the Run Run Shaw hospital of Zhejiang University medical school from 1996 to 2001 were selected for this experiment. There were 46 male and 4 female in total 50 cases. The mean age was 53(26-73). The treatment policy was: radical resection, regular chemotherapy after operation. If it relapsed when follow-up, reoperation or absolute alcohol injection was performed. The clinicopathological stage was determined according to the Shanghai6liver cancer co-operated team standard: 14 case for stage I ;17 cases for stage II : 19 cases for stage III . And we took 10 cases of liver tissue specimens for the comparison which got from lobectomy on intrahepatic duct stone .Follow-up: All cases were followed up by phone or by interview. 45 cases had got complete prognostic data, of which 20 cases relapse in one year (44.4%). 29 cases survived more than 1 year after operation.and 1-year survival rate is 64.4%.Immunohistochemical staining (SP) was used for all specimen . Judging system: for each antibody, positive immunostaining appears as yellow brown nucleus with clear background. Counting 500 cells under 5 high microscopy fields(400 ?). got the number of positive cells, and then got the mean postive rate. ^ 5 negative. 6-25 +. 26-50++. 51-75+++. >75 ++++.Statistical analysis: All data was processed with SPSS 10.0 software bag on personal computer. Enumeration data checked by Chi-Squre Test and Fisher" exact test.ResultWithin 50 cases of liver cancer specimen, expression of AR was positive in 15 cases of the liver cancer tissue, and in 4 cases of surrounding tissue, but negative in all 10 cases of control group. The expression rate of AR was higher in liver cancer specimen comparing with contro...
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