Expression And Analysis Of Both MAGE-A1 Gene And MAGE-A3 Gene In Human Tongue Carcinoma And Salivary Adenocarcinoma

Background and objectiveTongue squamous carcinoma is the most prevalent oral and maxillofacial carcinoma1'1. Salivary adenocarcinoma is one of specific carcinoma on oral and maxillofacial part. Recently, the conventional treatments of both tougue squamous carcinoma and salivary gland adenocarcinoma are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy and their composition'2'.These treatments result in increasing 5 years living rate for tumour patients,but some complications and sequelaes are existed(3).Relapse and transition are still the problems effecting tumour patients prognosis'2'.A new area of research currently stimulating much interest is that of tumour immunology and immunotherapy.Immunotherapy is a kind of tumour treatment with bright future on improving power for killing tumour cell by starting active immunity energy of self in order to monitor cell variety, eliminate remaining carcinoma focus, to avoid transition and relapse,to increase cure rate of tumour, to prolong living time and to improve living quality etc'4'.Discovery of tumour antigen is a key of immunotherapy. Boon and his colleagues separate first successfully human melanoma antigen (MAGE) starting from autologous cytotoxicis T-lymphocytes (CTL) discovering first tumour antigen and establishing technical program for researching tumour antigen'51. MAGE is not only expressed in melanoma tumour, but also with different levels in other tumours which have several kinds of tissues. MAGE is a common antigen of carcinoma'61.Van der Bruggen P and etc [7] discovered MAGE-1 gene on melanoma cell line by using gene transfer staining technology. And MAGE gene is a big family was discovered at later research. It is now known that the MAGE gene family has 3 subfamily.namely MAGE-A, MAGE-B, MAGE-C. MAGE-A subfamily has 12 members, which was named MAGE-1-MAGE 12 at first '81and someone suggests to name as MAGE-A 1 -MAGE-A 12 later for differentiating from MAGE-B and MAGE-C discovered a little late191, all located on the Q-terminal region of X chromosome.MAGE-B subfamily consists of 4 members which are MAGE-B 1 ~MAGE-B4t9-101.MAGE-C subfamily has only 1 member1"1.MAGE is a tumour antigen gene .expressed only in a variety of tumour tissue with different type ,and not expressed in nomal tissue, except for male germ line cells.The titanium segment coded by MAGE gene is presented by different type of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) I molecule and can be identified to cause a killing effect on tumour cell by CTL I12"23).Lot of papers on MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 research are reported due to the earliest discovery|l2'23).The MAGE-1 gene and MAGE-3 gene products have been characterized as the cyteplasmal proteins.To date the MAGE-1 gene product has been shown to have two nonapeptide epitopes bound to HLA-A1and HLA-CW1601, respectively, whereas MAGE-3 epitopes bound to HLA-A1 and HLA-A2 have also been characterized. This major histo-compatibility complex(MHC) restriction of antigen expression is of fundamental significance when determining the therapeutic potential of the MAGE gene products.They used for clinical research of immunotherapy by several researchers.and the effects of reduction even elimination of patients' tumour have been resulted124'.Resently.there are three methods (RT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry) to be used for MAGE genes detection.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is very powerful and accurate laboratory tool.It is the most commonly used method for MAGE gene detection. Enzyme linked immuno-sorbant assays (ELISA) have been developed which can measure serum levels of the MAGE-4 protein [25-261. The immunohistochemistry is to be used for protein detection in tissue specimens.There have been over 10 years to research MAGE gene in domestic and abroad, but the relation between the human tongue squamous carcinoma and salivary adenocarcinoma to MAGE gene is not reported. In addition, some papers show when using separately tumour specimen and cultured tumour cell lines to research the expression of MAGE gene, the...